Quantifying the Trophic Importance of Gulf Menhaden within the Northern Gulf of Mexico Ecosystem
Quantifying the Trophic Importance of Gulf Menhaden within the Northern Gulf of Mexico Ecosystem
复制标题
量化墨西哥湾北部生态系统中墨西哥湾鲱鱼的营养重要性
DOI：
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
J. Serafy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Sagarese;M. Nuttall;T. Geers;M. Lauretta;John F. Walter;J. Serafy
摘要 海湾鲱鱼经常被认为在墨西哥湾北部 (GOM) 海洋生态系统的营养结构和功能中发挥着主导作用，但在量化其生态重要性方面仍有大量工作要做。我们对饮食研究进行了荟萃分析，以量化海湾鲱鱼在该生态系统中的营养作用。在查阅的 568 篇参考文献中，有 136 篇确定了捕食者与猎物之间的相互作用，涉及海湾鲱鱼、鲱鱼 Brevoortia spp. 或不明的鲱鱼猎物。总体而言，据报道有 79 个物种食用鲱鱼，并且在大西洋和 GOM 之间，Brevoortia spp 的平均出现率没有发现显着差异。在捕食者的胃里。我们采用概率方法，利用最大似然估计来量化北部 GOM 内的营养相互作用，重点关注墨西哥湾鲱鱼的营养作用。据估计，可识别的鲱鱼对所有捕食者的饮食的贡献一般在 2% 到 3% 之间；最大的膳食贡献被确定为黑鳍真鲨 Carcharhinuslimbatus (8%)，而海洋物种的估计值较低 (<2%)，包括鲨鱼、长嘴鱼和金枪鱼。当利用生态系统中鱼类生物量的比例调整未知猎物的饮食成分时，五个捕食者群体表现出对鲱鱼猎物相对较大的依赖性：幼年王鲭鱼Scomberomorus cavalla、幼年西班牙鲭鱼Scomberomorus maculatus、成年西班牙鲭鱼、红鼓鱼和黑鳍鲨。本文确定的营养联系和主要捕食者的量化对于未来以北部 GOM 生态系统为重点的建模工作至关重要。
Abstract The Gulf Menhaden Brevoortia patronus is frequently cited as playing a predominant role in the trophic structure and function of the northern Gulf of Mexico (GOM) marine ecosystem, yet much work remains in quantifying its ecological importance. We performed a meta-analysis of diet studies to quantify the trophic role of Gulf Menhaden within this ecosystem. Of the 568 references consulted, 136 identified predator—prey interactions involving Gulf Menhaden, menhaden Brevoortia spp., or unidentified clupeid prey items. Overall, 79 species were reported to consume menhaden, and no significant difference was detected between the Atlantic Ocean and the GOM in the mean occurrence of Brevoortia spp. in predator stomachs. We employed a probabilistic approach using maximum likelihood estimation to quantify trophic interactions within the northern GOM, with a focus on the trophic role of Gulf Menhaden. The estimated contribution of identifiable menhaden to the diets of all predators generally ranged between 2% and 3%; the largest dietary contribution was identified for Blacktip Sharks Carcharhinus limbatus (8%), and lower estimates (<2%) were obtained for oceanic species, including sharks, billfishes, and tunas. When diet compositions were adjusted for unidentified prey by using the proportion of fish species biomass in the ecosystem, five predator groups showed a relatively large dependence on menhaden prey: juvenile King Mackerel Scomberomorus cavalla, juvenile Spanish Mackerel Scomberomorus maculatus, adult Spanish Mackerel, Red Drum Sciaenops ocellatus, and Blacktip Sharks. The quantification of trophic linkages and key predators identified herein will be fundamental to future modeling efforts focused on the northern GOM ecosystem.