Mesenchymal Stem Cells of Dental Origin-Their Potential for Antiinflammatory and Regenerative Actions in Brain and Gut Damage.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells of Dental Origin-Their Potential for Antiinflammatory and Regenerative Actions in Brain and Gut Damage.
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DOI：
10.2174/1570159x14666160121115210
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Varga G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Földes A;Kádár K;Kerémi B;Zsembery Á;Gyires K;S Zádori Z;Varga G
阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、创伤性脑和脊髓损伤以及神经炎性多发性硬化症是中枢神经系统的多种疾病。然而，它们都以不同水平的不适当的炎症/免疫应答沿着组织破坏为特征。在胃肠道系统中，炎症性肠病（IBD）也是由不受控制的炎症引起的组织破坏的结果。有趣的是，这些CNS疾病和各种形式的IBD的免疫病理机制有许多相似之处。由于很难或不可能通过常规方式治愈它们，因此需要新的治疗方法，例如使用间充质干细胞。间充质干细胞已经从包括牙髓和牙周韧带在内的各种组织中分离出来。这些细胞具有针对不同组织特异性细胞的转分化能力，以作为再生的新构件。但更重要的是，它们也是抑制促炎过程和刺激抗炎机制的有效免疫调节剂。本文旨在比较上述神经退行性、神经创伤性和神经炎症性疾病与IBD的免疫病理机制。此外，我们考虑了间充质干细胞的潜在用途，特别是来自牙齿来源的干细胞，以治疗这些疾病。我们认为，这些努力将产生相当大的进步，在治疗中枢和外周疾病有关的炎症变性的选择。
Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, traumatic brain and spinal cord injury and neuroinflammatory multiple sclerosis are diverse disorders of the central nervous system. However, they are all characterized by various levels of inappropriate inflammatory/immune response along with tissue destruction. In the gastrointestinal system, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is also a consequence of tissue destruction resulting from an uncontrolled inflammation. Interestingly, there are many similarities in the immunopathomechanisms of these CNS disorders and the various forms of IBD. Since it is very hard or impossible to cure them by conventional manner, novel therapeutic approaches such as the use of mesenchymal stem cells, are needed. Mesenchymal stem cells have already been isolated from various tissues including the dental pulp and periodontal ligament. Such cells possess transdifferentiating capabilities for different tissue specific cells to serve as new building blocks for regeneration. But more importantly, they are also potent immunomodulators inhibiting proinflammatory processes and stimulating anti-inflammatory mechanisms. The present review was prepared to compare the immunopathomechanisms of the above mentioned neurodegenerative, neurotraumatic and neuroinflammatory diseases with IBD. Additionally, we considered the potential use of mesenchymal stem cells, especially those from dental origin to treat such disorders. We conceive that such efforts will yield considerable advance in treatment options for central and peripheral disorders related to inflammatory degeneration.