Determinants of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in blacks and whites: the second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
Determinants of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in blacks and whites: the second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
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黑人和白人高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的决定因素：第二次全国健康和营养检查调查。
DOI：
10.1016/0002-8703(84)90649-5
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发表时间：
1984
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Glueck,CJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gartside,PS;Khoury,P;Glueck,CJ
在第二次全国健康和营养检查调查(NHANES II)中的19,521名受试者(白人男性和女性分别为8259和8561；黑人男性和女性分别为1299和1402)中，我们评估了黑人和白人之间的差异，作为高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL)胆固醇的主要决定因素，以确定黑人的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平是否以及在多大程度上可以由黑人和白人在营养摄入、相对笨重、饮酒、吸烟、休闲时间和习惯性体力活动、高血压和糖尿病方面的差异来解释。黑人碳水化合物摄入量较低与其高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平较高和甘油三酯水平较低是一致的。在男女青年和成年男性中，克托莱指数没有显著的黑白差异；青少年和成年女性黑人的克托莱特指数比白人高得多，这与女性的高密度脂蛋白和甘油三酯的黑白差异缩小是一致的。黑人和白人在饮酒频率上没有实质性差异，而且似乎不太可能将高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平的差异归因于黑人更高的酒精摄入量。总体而言，黑人更有可能患有糖尿病，更经常患有高血压，并且更经常接受降压药治疗；这些因素往往会减少高密度脂蛋白胆固醇中的黑白差异。白人吸烟率较高可能会加剧黑人和白人在高密度脂蛋白水平上的差异。尽管黑人的习惯性体力活动处于较高水平，但在休闲时间活动方面没有一贯的黑人和白人差异。总体而言，体力活动似乎不太可能解释高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的黑白差异。我们推测，尽管环境对黑人和白人的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇都有实质性的影响，但黑人的高密度脂蛋白水平肯定有实质性的“遗传”载体。
In 19,521 subjects (8259 and 8561 white males and females; 1299 and 1402 black males and females) in the second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survery (NHANES II), we assessed black-white differences as major determinants of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol to determine whether, and to what degree, higher levels of HDL cholesterol in blacks can be accounted for by black-white differences in nutrient intake, relative ponderosity, alcohol intake, cigarette smoking, leisure-time and habitual physical activity, hypertension, and diabetes. Lower intake of carbohydrate in blacks would be congruent with their higher levels of HDL cholestetol and lower triglyceride levels. In male and female youths and in adult males, there were no substantial black-white differences in Quetelet index; much higher Quetelet indices in black adolescent and adult females compared with whites would be consistent with the narrowing of black-white HDL cholesterol and triglyceride differences in females. There were no substantial differences between blacks and whites in frequency of alcoholic beverage intake, and it seems unlikely that differences in HDL cholesterol levels can be attributed to higher alcohol intake in blacks. Overall, blacks were more likely to have diabetes, were more often hypertensive, and were more often treated with antihypertensive agents; these factors would tend to reduce black-white differences in HDL cholesterol. Heavier smoking rates in whites might augment black-white differences in HDL cholesterol levels. There were no consistent black-white differences in leisure-time activity, although habitual physical activity was at a higher level in blacks. It seems unlikely, overall, that physical activity could account for black-white differences in HDL cholesterol. We speculate that whereas environment has a substantial effect on HDL cholesterol in both blacks and whites, there must be a substantial “genetic” vector accounting for higher levels of HDL cholesterol in blacks.