Personality and Obesity Across the Adult Life Span
Personality and Obesity Across the Adult Life Span
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DOI：
10.1037/a0024286
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发表时间：
2011-09-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Terracciano, Antonio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sutin, Angelina R.;Ferrucci, Luigi;Terracciano, Antonio
人格特质有助于健康结果，部分是通过其与肥胖等主要可控风险因素的关联。反过来，体重反映了我们的行为和生活方式，并影响我们感知自己和他人的方式。在这项研究中，作者使用了一项跨越 50 多年的大型纵向研究 (N = 1,988) 的数据来研究人格特质如何与多种肥胖指标和体重指数 (BMI) 波动相关。作者利用 14,531 项人体测量评估，对整个成年期的 BMI 轨迹进行了建模，并测试了性格是否可以预测其变化率。同时测量，神经质或外向性较高或尽责性较低的参与者的体重指数较高；这些关联在身体脂肪、腰围和臀围上都有体现。冲动性方面的关联性最强：冲动性得分排名前 10% 的参与者平均体重比排名后 10% 的参与者重 11 公斤。纵向来看，高神经质和低责任心，以及这些特征与冲动控制困难相关的方面，与体重波动相关，体重波动以体重随时间的变化来衡量。最后，低宜人性和冲动相关特征预示着成年后体重指数会出现更大的增长。 BMI 与人格特质的变化大多无关。人格特质是由认知、情感和行为模式定义的，这些模式可能导致不健康的体重和体重管理困难。这种关联可能阐明人格特质在疾病进展中的作用，并可能有助于设计更有效的干预措施。
Personality traits contribute to health outcomes, in part through their association with major controllable risk factors, such as obesity. Body weight, in turn, reflects our behaviors and lifestyle and contributes to the way we perceive ourselves and others. In this study, the authors use data from a large (N = 1,988) longitudinal study that spanned more than 50 years to examine how personality traits are associated with multiple measures of adiposity and with fluctuations in body mass index (BMI). Using 14,531 anthropometric assessments, the authors modeled the trajectory of BMI across adulthood and tested whether personality predicted its rate of change. Measured concurrently, participants higher on Neuroticisin or Extraversion or lower on Conscientiousness had higher BMI; these associations replicated across body fat, waist, and hip circumference. The strongest association was found for the impulsivity facet: Participants who scored in the top 10% of impulsivity weighed, on average, 11Kg more than those in the bottom 10%. Longitudinally, high Neuroticism and low Conscientiousness, and the facets of these traits related to difficulty with impulse control, were associated with weight fluctuations, measured as the variability in weight over time. Finally, low Agreeableness and impulsivity-related traits predicted a greater increase in BMI across the adult life span. BMI was mostly unrelated to change in personality traits. Personality traits are defined by cognitive, emotional, and behavioral patterns that likely contribute to unhealthy weight and difficulties with weight management. Such associations may elucidate the role of personality traits in disease progression and may help to design more effective interventions.