Nanoplastics and marine organisms: What has been studied?
Nanoplastics and marine organisms: What has been studied?
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.etap.2019.01.006
复制
发表时间：
2019-04-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Oliveira, Miguel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ferreira, Ines;Venancio, Catia;Oliveira, Miguel
如今，人们日益认识到海洋垃圾可能对海洋环境构成的威胁。本综述描述了与塑料污染有关的主要问题，即不同类型和尺寸的纳米塑料（小于100 nm的颗粒）对海洋生物（生产者或消费者）的毒性。现有数据表明，纳米塑料可能会对不同门的生物产生负面影响，报告的影响范围从生殖改变到致死。然而，没有关于海洋脊椎动物（例如，数据显示，这些物质很有可能沿海洋食物链沿着发生生物累积/生物放大作用，因为它们很容易被生物体内所保留。由于缺乏标准化的纳米塑料检测方法，以及立法不力或不存在，纳米塑料成为一项环境挑战。
Nowadays, there is an increased awareness on the threat that marine litter may pose to the marine environment. This review describes the major concerns related to plastic pollution, namely in terms of toxicity of different types and sizes of nanoplastics (particles smaller than 100 nm) to marine organisms, either producers or consumers. The available data show that nanoplastics may affect negatively organisms from different phyla with reported effects ranging from alterations in reproduction to lethality. Nevertheless, no information regarding marine vertebrates (e.g., fish) was found. Data show a high potential for bioaccumulation/biomagnification along marine food chains, since they can easily be retained inside organisms. The lack of standardized methodology for nanoplastics detection and the poor or inexistent legislation makes nanoplastics an environmental challenge.