Rural Disparities in the Distribution of Policies that Support Healthy Eating in US Secondary Schools
Rural Disparities in the Distribution of Policies that Support Healthy Eating in US Secondary Schools
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jand.2013.04.021
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发表时间：
2013-08-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Kubik, Martha Y.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nanney, Marilyn S.;Davey, Cynthia S.;Kubik, Martha Y.
利用2008年学校健康概况主要调查的数据，对美国28个州代表6,732所中学的食品和营养政策和做法的分布情况进行了评估。评估的学校政策和做法包括：低营养、能量密集（LNED）零食/饮料的供应;健康饮食策略的使用;禁止食品营销;水果和蔬菜的供应;食品包装尺寸。对于每所学校，还评估了学校一级的人口统计特征（参加免费/减价餐的学生百分比，少数民族入学率和地理位置）。小城镇/农村地区的学校支持健康饮食战略和禁止食品营销的政策明显较少，并且不太可能在学校庆祝活动中提供水果和蔬菜，在自动售货机或学校商店中提供水果和蔬菜，并限制食用量。少数民族学生比例最高的学校一贯报告相同或更好的学校食品环境。然而，低收入学生比例最高的学校的结果各不相同：自动售货和LNED自动售货政策一贯较好，水果和蔬菜供应相关政策一贯较差。在促进健康的学校食品环境的政策和做法的分布方面的差异似乎在小城镇/农村学校最为明显。这些数据还表明，需要继续加强这些努力，并有可能在城市和郊区以及少数民族入学率最高的学校扩大这些努力。
The distribution of food and nutrition policies and practices from 28 US states representing 6,732 secondary schools was evaluated using data from the 2008 School Health Profiles principal survey. School policies and practices evaluated were: availability of low-nutrient, energy-dense (LNED) snacks/drinks; use of healthy eating strategies; banning food marketing; availability of fruits and vegetables; and food package sizes. For each school, school-level demographic characteristics (percentage of students enrolled in free/reduced-price meals, minority enrollment, and geographic location) were also evaluated. Schools in small town/rural locations had significantly fewer policies that support healthy eating strategies and ban food marketing, and were less likely to serve fruits and vegetables at school celebrations, have fruits and vegetables available in vending or school stores, and limit serving-size packages. Schools serving the highest percentage of minority students consistently reported the same or better school food environments. However, schools serving the highest percentage of low-income students had varied results: vending and LNED vending policies were consistently better and fruit and vegetable availability-related policies were consistently worse. Disparities in the distribution of policies and practices that promote healthy school food environments seem most pronounced in small town/rural schools. The data also support the need for continued reinforcement and the potential for expansion of these efforts in urban and suburban areas and schools with highest minority enrollment.