Gestational weight gain and postpartum behaviors associated with weight change from early pregnancy to 1y postpartum
Gestational weight gain and postpartum behaviors associated with weight change from early pregnancy to 1y postpartum
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DOI：
10.1038/sj.ijo.0802156
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发表时间：
2003-01-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Pearson, TA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Olson, CM;Strawderman, MS;Pearson, TA
目的：（1）描述妊娠期体重增加、产后运动、食物摄入和母乳喂养对妊娠早期至产后 1 年体重变化的相对重要性； (2) 确定生育期间体重大幅增加风险最大的女性亚组。 设计：一项前瞻性队列研究，对象为在纽约州北部 10 个县地区的医院和初级保健诊所系统登记接受产科护理的女性。 受试者： 总共 540 名生下足月单胎婴儿的健康成年女性。 测量： 使用病历和数据对社会人口特征、运动、食物相关行为和母乳喂养进行评估。邮寄调查问卷。在产前检查和产后一年测量体重。产后 1 年体重保留和体重主要增加（4.55 公斤）是主要结果。分析：进行线性和逻辑回归分析。结果：产后 1 年女性比怀孕早期平均重 1.51-5.95 公斤。近 25% 的女性在产后体重大幅增加 4.55 公斤或更多。妊娠期体重增加、运动频率、食物摄入量的变化和母乳喂养均与产后体重保持显着相关。除母乳喂养外，所有这些因素都与体重大幅增加有关。 20 岁以下或 40 岁以上的女性以及单身女性在分娩时体重明显增加。孕期体重增加超过医学研究所 (IOM) 范围的低收入女性比在该范围内增加的低收入女性多保留了 3.73 公斤。她们因生育而体重大幅增加的可能性也高出 4.7 倍。低收入女性妊娠期体重增加超过 IOM 指南的影响是高收入女性的三倍。 结论：妊娠期体重增加、产后运动频率和食物摄入量与从怀孕早期到产后 1 年的体重变化以及生育期间的体重主要增加显着相关。怀孕期间体重增加超过国际移民组织建议的低收入女性，在生育期间体重增加的风险很高。
OBJECTIVES: (1) To describe the relative importance of gestational weight gain, postpartum exercise, food intake and breastfeeding to weight change from early pregnancy to 1 y postpartum; and (2) to identify subgroups of women at greatest risk for major weight gain surrounding childbearing.Design: A prospective cohort study of women who registered for obstetrical care in a hospital and primary care clinic system serving a 10 county area of upstate New York.Subjects: A total of 540 healthy adult women who gave birth to full-term singleton infants.MEASUREMENTS: Sociodemographic characteristics, exercise, food-related behaviors and breastfeeding were assessed using the medical record and a mailed questionnaire. Body weight was measured at prenatal visits and 1 y postpartum. Weight retained and major weight gain (4.55 kg) at 1 y postpartum were the main outcomes.ANALYSIS: Linear and logistic regression analyses were conducted.RESULTS: Women were on average 1.51 5.95 kg heavier at 1 y postpartum than they were in early pregnancy. Nearly 25% of women experienced a major weight gain of 4.55 kg or more at I y postpartum. Gestational weight gain, exercise frequency, change in food intake and breastfeeding were each significantly related to postpartum weight retention. With the exception of breastfeeding, all of these factors were also associated with major weight gain. Women under 20 y or over 40 y at delivery and single women retained significantly more weight. Lower income women with gestational weight gains above the Institute of Medicine (IOM) range retained 3.73 kg more than lower income women who gained within the range. They were also 4.7 times more likely to experience major weight gain with childbearing. The impact of exceeding the IOM gestational weight gain guidelines was three times greater in lower income women than it was in higher income women.CONCLUSION: Gestational weight gain, postpartum exercise frequency, and food intake are significantly associated with weight change from early pregnancy to 1 y postpartum and major weight gain with childbearing. Lower income women who gain more weight in pregnancy than the IOM recommends are at high risk for major weight gain with childbearing.