Spurious Electrolyte and Acid-Base Disorders in the Patient With Cancer: A Review.
Spurious Electrolyte and Acid-Base Disorders in the Patient With Cancer: A Review.
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癌症患者的假电解质和酸碱紊乱：综述。
DOI：
10.1053/j.ajkd.2023.01.441
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Workeneh,BiruhT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chowdhury,Raad;Turcotte,Anna-Eve;Rondon-Berrios,Helbert;Workeneh,BiruhT
恶性肿瘤患者经常遇到电解质和酸碱紊乱，这可能是由于癌症本身造成的，也可能是癌症治疗的并发症。然而，虚假电解质紊乱可能会使这些患者的解释和管理变得复杂。几种电解质可能会人为地增加或减少，从而导致血清电解质值与其实际的全身水平不符，从而可能导致广泛的诊断研究和治疗干预。虚假紊乱的例子包括假性低钠血症、假性低钾血症、假性高钾血症、假性低磷酸盐血症、假性高磷酸盐血症和人为酸碱异常。正确解释这些人为的实验室异常对于避免对癌症患者进行不必要的和潜在有害的干预至关重要。还必须认识到影响这些虚假结果的因素以及将其最小化的步骤。我们对常见的假性电解质紊乱进行了叙述性回顾，并描述了排除这些实验室值的错误解释并避免陷阱的策略。对虚假电解质和酸碱紊乱的认识和识别可以防止不必要和有害的治疗。
Electrolyte and acid-base disorders are frequently encountered in patients with malignancy, either due to cancer itself or as a complication of its therapy. However, spurious electrolyte disorders can complicate the interpretation and management of these patients. Several electrolytes can be artifactually increased or decreased such that the serum electrolyte values do not correspond to their actual systemic levels, potentially resulting in extensive diagnostic investigations and therapeutic interventions. Examples of spurious derangements include pseudohyponatremia, pseudohypokalemia, pseudohyperkalemia, pseudohypophosphatemia, pseudohyperphosphatemia, and artifactual acid-base abnormalities. Correctly interpreting these artifactual laboratory abnormalities is imperative for avoiding unnecessary and potentially harmful interventions in cancer patients. The factors influencing these spurious results also must be recognized, along with the steps to minimize them. We present a narrative review of commonly reported pseudo electrolyte disorders and describe strategies to exclude erroneous interpretations of these laboratory values and avoid pitfalls. Awareness and recognition of spurious electrolyte and acid-base disorders can prevent unnecessary and harmful treatments.