Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Enrichment Effects on Cotton Midday Foliage Temperature: Implications for Plant Water Use and Crop Yield 1
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Enrichment Effects on Cotton Midday Foliage Temperature: Implications for Plant Water Use and Crop Yield 1
复制标题
大气二氧化碳富集对棉花正午叶温的影响：对植物用水和作物产量的影响 1
DOI：
10.2134/agronj1987.00021962007900040017x
复制
发表时间：
1987
期刊：
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
J. Mauney
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Idso;B. Kimball;J. Mauney
在一项旨在确定地球大气中二氧化碳(CO2)浓度稳步上升对棉花(Gossypium hirsutom L.var.)叶温、水分利用和产量可能产生的影响的实验中。在亚利桑那州凤凰城，棉花在室外种植，种植在敞开的、透明的聚乙烯墙、二氧化碳增强室中，三个夏天的平均白天二氧化碳浓度分别为340、500和640μ−，空气中的Avondale粘土土壤[细壤性、混合性(石灰性)、高温人类Torrifluent]。对棉花叶温度(Tf)的红外测温仪测量表明，在夏季，在凤凰城，大气二氧化碳含量增加一倍，大气中二氧化碳含量增加330到660μ−，使得浇水充分的棉花中午的温度增加1.1°C。据预测，气温的升高将使单位叶面积的植物蒸腾速率降低9%，作物生物量增加84%，相比之下，空气中二氧化碳含量翻了一番，作物生物量增加了82%。这些发现与对另一种植物--水葫芦[Eichhornia crassipe(Mart.)Solms]-让我们开发了一种技术，通过红外测温，通过方程Y=7.6%×(Ij)−1来评估空气中二氧化碳浓度增加对作物增产百分比(Y)的影响，其中Ij代表Idso-Jackson植物水分胁迫指数。如果这一方程在进一步的审查下站得住脚，它可能会为评估作物对大气中二氧化碳浓度升高的产量反应提供一种快速而有效的手段。
In an experiment designed to determine the likely consequences of the steadily rising carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration of Earth's atmosphere for the foliage temperature, water use, and yield of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. var. Deltapine-61) plants, cotton was grown out-of-doors at Phoenix, AZ, in open-top, clear-polyethylene-wall, CO2-enrichment chambers for three summers under mean daylight CO2 concentrations of 340, 500 and 640 μmol CO2 mol−1 air on an Avondale clay loam soil [fine-loamy, mixed (calcareous), hyperthermic Anthropic Torrifluvent). Infrared thermometer measurements of the cotton foliage temperature (TF) indicated that a 330 to 660 μmol CO2 mol−1 air doubling of the atmospheric CO2 content results in a midday T, increase of 1.1 °C for well-watered cotton at Phoenix in the summer. This temperature increase was predicted to produce a 9% reduction in per-unit-leaf-area plant transpiration rate and an 84% increase in crop biomass production, which compared favorably with the measured crop biomass increase of 82% for such a doubling of the air's CO2 content. These findings, together with similar findings for a second plant species—water hyacinth [Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms]—allowed us to develop a technique for assessing the effects of a 330 μmol CO2 mol−1 air CO2 concentration increase on the percentage yield increase (Y) of a crop via infrared thermometry by means of the equation Y = 7.6% × (IJ)−1, where IJ represents the Idso-Jackson plant water stress index. If this equation holds up under further scrutiny, it could provide a rapid and efficient means for assessing the yield response of crops to atmospheric CO2 enrichment.