Comparing the effects on work performance of mental and physical disorders
Comparing the effects on work performance of mental and physical disorders
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DOI：
10.1007/s00127-012-0496-7
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发表时间：
2012-11-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
ten Have, Margreet
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Graaf, Ron;Tuithof, Marlous;ten Have, Margreet
估算与常见精神和身体疾病相关的缺勤和出勤造成的工作损失天数。在一项全国代表性的面对面调查（荷兰心理健康调查和发病率研究-2）中，包括 4,715 名工人，使用综合国际诊断访谈 3.0 和身体疾病检查表评估了 13 种精神疾病和 10 种慢性身体疾病的存在情况。关于因病缺勤的天数以及工作时数量和质量功能下降的天数的问题基于世界卫生组织残疾评估时间表。总工作损失天数被定义为这三种类型损失的天数之和，其中功能减少的天数算作一半。考虑到合并症，研究了疾病对个体和群体水平的失业影响。任何精神障碍都与额外缺勤 10.5 天、功能质量下降 8.0 天和总失业天数 12.0 天相关。对于任何身体疾病，天数分别为 10.7 天、3.5 天和 11.3 天。经合并症调整后，药物滥用、双相情感障碍、重度抑郁症、消化系统疾病和恐慌症与最高的额外总工作损失天数相关。在人口层面，重度抑郁症、慢性背痛、呼吸系统疾病、药物滥用和消化系统疾病的影响最大。据估计，每年每百万工人的总工作损失成本为 3.6 亿，不包括任何精神障碍造成的损失；旨在减轻常见疾病对工人影响的政策将有助于减少缺勤和出勤率。由于（精神）疾病的间接成本远高于其医疗成本，因此预防和治疗这些疾病可能具有成本效益。
To estimate work loss days due to absenteeism and presenteeism associated with commonly occurring mental and physical disorders.In a nationally representative face-to-face survey (Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study-2) including 4,715 workers, the presence of 13 mental and 10 chronic physical disorders was assessed using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview 3.0 and a physical disorder checklist. Questions about absent days due to illness and days of reduced quantitative and qualitative functioning while at work were based on the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule. Total work loss days were defined as the sum of the days of these three types of loss, where days of reduced functioning were counted as half. Both individual and population-level effects of disorders on work loss were studied, taking comorbidity into account.Any mental disorder was associated with 10.5 additional absent days, 8.0 days of reduced-qualitative functioning and 12.0 total work loss days. For any physical disorder, the number of days was 10.7, 3.5 and 11.3, respectively. Adjusted for comorbidity, drug abuse, bipolar disorder, major depression, digestive disorders and panic disorder were associated with the highest number of additional total work loss days. At population-level, major depression, chronic back pain, respiratory disorders, drug abuse and digestive disorders contributed the most. Annual total work loss costs per million workers were estimated at a,not sign360 million for any mental disorder; and a,not sign706 million for any physical disorder.Policies designed to lessen the impact of commonly occurring disorders on workers will contribute to a reduction in absenteeism and presenteeism. As the indirect costs of (mental) disorders are much higher than their medical costs, prevention and treatment of these conditions may be cost-effective.