Bacterial polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines
Bacterial polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines
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DOI：
10.1093/bmb/ldh021
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Finn, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Finn, A
在20世纪20年代证明了多糖类抗原与蛋白质的化学偶联可以增强其免疫原性之后，随着抗生素的发展和广泛使用，人们对这种初级预防细菌感染的方法的兴趣减弱。耐药细菌的出现在20世纪末重新点燃了人们的兴趣，几种疫苗的开发和实施非常迅速，这些疫苗已经迅速改变了儿童感染b型流感嗜血杆菌、肺炎链球菌和脑膜炎奈瑟菌的流行病学。其他如B组链球菌和伤寒沙门氏菌感染可能很快就会跟进。然而，关于这些抗原的免疫学的几个重要问题仍然没有答案，减少或消除生物体循环的长期影响也不确定，这些生物体更多地是鼻咽共生体，而不是病原性入侵者。
Following demonstration that chemical conjugation of polysaccharide antigens to proteins could enhance their immunogenicity in the 1920s, interest in this approach to primary prevention of bacterial infections waned with the development and widespread use of antibiotics. Emergence of resistant bacteria rekindled interest in the late 20th century, which saw extremely rapid development and implementation of several vaccines which are already rapidly changing the epidemiology of childhood infections with Haemophilus influenzae type b, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria meningitidis. Others such as Group B streptococcus and Salmonella typhi infections may soon follow. However, several important questions about the immunology of these antigens remain unanswered and the long-term implications of reducing or eliminating the circulation of organisms which are more commonly nasopharyngeal commensals than pathogenic invaders are uncertain.