Field experiments testing for apparent competition between primary parasitoids mediated by secondary parasitoids
Field experiments testing for apparent competition between primary parasitoids mediated by secondary parasitoids
复制标题
田间实验测试由次级寄生蜂介导的初级寄生蜂之间的明显竞争
DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2656.2001.00495.x
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发表时间：
2001
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
H. Godfray
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Morris;C. Müller;H. Godfray
总结
1
两个田间操作实验进行了寻找明显的竞争之间的主要寄生蜂的蚜虫，介导的共享次级寄生蜂。在每种情况下，在存在或不存在的“治疗”的物种和其蚜虫宿主的频率进行比较的“焦点”物种的二次寄生。
2
在这两个实验中，焦点种是攻击豌豆蚜（Harris）（豌豆蚜虫）的蚜长管蚜（Haliday）。在第一个实验中，处理物种是攻击麦长管蚜（Fabricius）（一种禾本科蚜虫）的Rhopalosiphi（De Stefani-Perez），在第二个实验中，处理物种是攻击Microlophium carnosum（Buckton）（荨麻蚜虫）的Microlophii（Pennachio & Tremblay）。
3
A. Rhopalosiphi或其寄主对A.在第一个实验中检测到ervi。
4
在第二个实验中，二次寄生率估计两次：一个显着的效果，发现治疗的第一次，但不是第二次。在前者中，寄生率最高的处理物种和其主机的存在下，中间时，只有主机存在，和最低时，两者都缺席。
5
我们讨论了明显的竞争在主机寄生虫社区的证据。
Summary
1
Two field manipulation experiments were performed to look for apparent competition between primary parasitoids of aphids, mediated by shared secondary parasitoids. In each case the frequency of secondary parasitism on a ‘focal’ species was compared in the presence or absence of a ‘treatment’ species and its aphid host.
2
In both experiments the focal species was Aphidius ervi (Haliday) attacking Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) (pea aphid). In the first experiment the treatment species was Aphidius rhopalosiphi (De Stefani-Perez) attacking Sitobion avenae (Fabricius) (a grass aphid) and in the second Aphidius microlophii (Pennachio & Tremblay) attacking Microlophium carnosum (Buckton) (nettle aphid).
3
No significant effects of either the presence of A. rhopalosiphi or of its host on secondary parasitism of A. ervi were detected in the first experiment.
4
In the second experiment, rates of secondary parasitism were estimated twice: a significant effect of treatment was found on the first occasion but not the second. In the former, parasitism was highest in the presence of the treatment species and its host, intermediate when just the host was present, and lowest when both were absent.
5
We discuss the evidence for apparent competition in host-parasitoid communities.