Dispersal by flight of leafhoppers (Auchenorrhyncha: Homoptera)
Dispersal by flight of leafhoppers (Auchenorrhyncha: Homoptera)
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叶蝉飞行传播（Auchenorhyncha：同翅目）
DOI：
10.2307/2401864
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发表时间：
1973
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Silwood Park
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Auchenorrhyncha Homoptera;BY N. Waloff;Silwood Park
在过去的几年里，在伯克希尔希尔伍德公园的帝国学院野外站进行了一系列关于叶蝉生物学和生态学的研究。在酸性草原上的物种繁殖的调查结果已被报道（Waloff和所罗门1973）。还研究了叶蝉的飞行扩散以及空中吸力诱捕器和各种干扰诱捕器的捕获量。对这些问题的兴趣是双重的，首先，因为繁殖地的扩散会导致种群规模的波动（见1971年5月; Tay 1972年;所罗门1973年），第二，因为许多这些植物吸吮昆虫是植物疾病的媒介;将病毒或支原体传播给各种禾本科作物、三叶草、草莓等植物（Slykhuis &沃森1958;沃森& Sinha 1959; Raatikainen & Tinnila 1959; Maramorosch，Shikata & Granados 1968; Fewkes 1969; Nakasuji & Kiritani 1970）。关于英国叶蝉一年中通过飞行传播的时间知之甚少，本文对这些方面进行了总结。在这个国家，叶蝉只被认为是次要的害虫，但在欧洲部分地区，在北美和热带国家，传播的植物疾病和叶蝉对作物造成的直接损害的影响非常重要。近年来，由于人工投喂的直接影响，加之糖食蚜蝇的大规模暴发，严重危害了我国的农业生产。对整个加勒比地区的甘蔗进行了描述（梅特卡夫1971年）。与飞行传播密切相关的是翅的多态性问题，这是广泛的和多样化的整个奥奇鲁rhyncha。
In the last few years a series of studies on the bionomics and ecology of leafhoppers have been carried out at the Imperial College Field Station, Silwood Park, Berkshire. Results of a survey of the species breeding in acidic grasslands have been reported (Waloff & Solomon 1973). Dispersal by flight of leafhoppers and the catches in the aerial suction traps and in various interference traps, have also been studied. The interest in these problems is two-fold, firstly, because dispersal to and from breeding sites contributes to fluctuations in the sizes of populations (see May 1971; Tay 1972; Solomon 1973) and, secondly, because many of these plant-sucking insects are vectors of plant diseases; transmitting viruses or mycoplasma to various graminaceous crops, clover, strawberries and other plants (Slykhuis & Watson 1958; Watson & Sinha 1959; Raatikainen & Tinnila 1959; Maramorosch, Shikata & Granados 1968; Fewkes 1969; Nakasuji & Kiritani 1970). Little is known about the times of the year in which the leaf hoppers in Britain disperse by flight, and these aspects have been summarized in this paper. In this country, leafhoppers are considered pests of minor importance only, but in parts of Europe, in North America and in tropical countries the effects of transmitted plant diseases and of direct damage caused by leafhoppers on crops assume a high significance. Recently, the direct effects of feeding, coupled with the intense outbreaks of the delphacid Saccharosydne saccharivora (Westw.) on sugar cane throughout he Caribbean have been described (Metcalfe 1971). Closely associated with dispersal by flight are the problems of alary polymorphism, which are both widespread and diversified throughout he Auchenorrhyncha.