Firefighters' exposure to perfluoroalkyl acids and 2-butoxyethanol present in firefighting foams
Firefighters' exposure to perfluoroalkyl acids and 2-butoxyethanol present in firefighting foams
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DOI：
10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.09.007
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发表时间：
2014-12-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Kiviranta, Hannu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Laitinen, Juha Ari;Koponen, Jani;Kiviranta, Hannu
本研究的目的是评估8名消防员在模拟芬兰奥卢机场飞机事故时暴露在Sthamex 3%AFFF(水基成膜泡沫)中的情况。2010年进行了一项研究，当时尚未对全氟辛烷磺酸和全氟辛烷磺酸的使用进行限制。由于预期的局限性，还从职业和环境的角度对8种商用的AFF进行了评估，以寻找未来的替代AFF。对消防员暴露于12种全氟烷基酸(PFAS)的情况进行了分析，以观察在连续三次训练期间的累积迹象。采用2-丁氧基乙酸(2-BAA)尿液分析方法对消防员短期接触2-丁氧基乙醇(EgBE)情况进行分析。作为背景信息，还分析了使用过的AFFF液中全氟辛烷磺酸的浓度。消防员的血清PFHxS和PFNA浓度在三次训练期间似乎有所增加，尽管它们不是使用的AFFF中的主要PFAs。由于试验组的规模有限，无法对海拔高度进行统计学意义的检验。在两次培训中，2-BAA的平均尿排泄量超过了职业非接触人群的参考限值。在灭火泡沫的评价中，非氟基产品受到青睐，由于生物燃料的使用越来越多，建议考虑泡沫的耐酒精性能。(C)2014爱思唯尔爱尔兰有限公司。保留所有权利。
The aim of this study was to assess eight firefighters' exposure to Sthamex 3% AFFF (aqueous film forming foam) in the simulation of aircraft accidents at Oulu airport in Finland. Study was conducted in 2010 before limitation for the use of PFOA and PFOS in AFFFs. Due to prospective limitation also eight commercially available AFFFs were evaluated from occupational and environmental point of view to find substitutive AFFFs for future. The firefighters' exposure to twelve perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAS) was analyzed in order to observe the signs of accumulation during three consecutive training sessions. The firefighters' short-term exposure to 2-butoxyethanol (EGBE) was analyzed by urinalysis of 2-butoxyacetic acid (2-BAA). For the background information also the concentration of PFAS in used AFFF-liquid was analyzed. Fire fighters' serum PFHxS and PFNA concentrations seemed to increase during the three training sessions although they were not the main PFAS in used AFFF. The statistical significance for the elevations was not able to test due to limited size of test group. In two training sessions, the average urinary excretions of 2-BAA exceeded the reference limit of the occupationally unexposed population. In the evaluations of the firefighting foams, non-fluorine based products were favored and the alcohol resistance properties of foams were recommended for consideration due to the increasing use of biofuels. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.