Big data and understanding change in the context of planning transport systems
Big data and understanding change in the context of planning transport systems
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2017.11.004
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发表时间：
2019-04-01
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Watling, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Milne, Dave;Watling, David
本文认为，所谓的“大数据”的分析，建模和规划的运输系统的影响。主要的概念重点是中期规划和决策的实际需要，从这个角度出发，本文件力求实现三个目标：㈠努力确定海量数据的真正“特殊”之处; ㈡就交通规划与海量数据之间的未来关系引发辩论; ㈢努力确定有前途的研究和应用主题。与传统调查相比，可以从数据中获得的信息的差异进行了讨论，并确定了它们可能影响模型在支持交通规划和决策中的作用的方面。有人认为，随着时间的推移，数据性质的变化可能会导致建模方法和对它们的期望产生重大差异。此外，据认为，商业行为者和旅行者可能广泛获得数据，这将影响运输系统本身的业绩，预计这可能对规划职能产生连锁效应。最后，我们提出了一系列的研究挑战，我们认为需要加以解决，并警告对适应的基础上最大限度地减少改变现状。
This paper considers the implications of so-called 'big data' for the analysis, modelling and planning of transport systems. The primary conceptual focus is on the needs of the practical context of medium-term planning and decision-making, from which perspective the paper seeks to achieve three goals: (i) to try to identify what is truly `special' about big data; (ii) to provoke debate on the future relationship between transport planning and big data; and (iii) to try to identify promising themes for research and application. Differences in the information that can be derived from the data compared to more traditional surveys are discussed, and the respects in which they may impact on the role of models in supporting transport planning and decision-making are identified. It is argued that, over time, changes to the nature of data may lead to significant differences in both modelling approaches and in the expectations placed upon them. Furthermore, it is suggested that the potential widespread availability of data to commercial actors and travellers will affect the performance of the transport systems themselves, which might be expected to have knock-on effects for planning functions. We conclude by proposing a series of research challenges that we believe need to be addressed and warn against adaptations based on minimising change from the status quo.