Effects of Core Instability Strength Training on Trunk Muscle Strength, Spinal Mobility, Dynamic Balance and Functional Mobility in Older Adults
Effects of Core Instability Strength Training on Trunk Muscle Strength, Spinal Mobility, Dynamic Balance and Functional Mobility in Older Adults
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DOI：
10.1159/000343152
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Gollhofer, Albert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Granacher, Urs;Lacroix, Andre;Gollhofer, Albert
背景资料：老年人中，与运动相关的姿势失调、平衡缺陷和力量/动力损失与功能活动性受损和跌倒风险增加有关。核心不稳定力量训练（CIT）涉及对躯干肌肉和姿势控制都具有挑战性的练习，因此可能对躯干肌肉力量、脊柱活动度和平衡性能产生益处。目的：目的是调查CIT对老年人躯干肌力、脊柱活动度、动态平衡和功能活动度的影响。研究方法：32名老年人被随机分配到进行9周渐进式CIT的干预组（INT; n = 16，年龄70.8 ± 4.1岁）或对照组（n = 16，年龄70.2 ± 4.5岁）。在干预程序前后测量躯干屈肌/伸肌/侧屈肌（右，左）/旋转肌（右，左）以及矢状面和冠状面中脊柱活动度的最大等长肌力。另外还测试了动态平衡（即在光电走道上行走10 m，功能性前伸测试）和功能性移动性（计时起身和行走测试）。结果：INT组的参与者完成了92%的培训课程，项目依从性非常好。发现躯干屈肌（34%，p < 0.001）、伸肌（21%，p <0.001）、侧屈肌（右侧：48%，p <0.001;左侧：53%，p <0.001）和左旋转肌（42%，p < 0.001）的最大等长肌强度存在显着的组x测试相互作用，有利于INT组。此外，在矢状面的脊柱活动度方面，（11%，p < 0.001）和冠状面（11%，p = 0.06）方向，步幅速度（9%，P < 0.05），步速变异系数（31%，p < 0.05）、功能性前伸测试（20%，p < 0.05）和定时起身和行走测试（4%，p < 0.05）有利于INT组。结论：CIT是一种可行的老年人锻炼计划，坚持率高。CIT可以缓解躯干肌肉力量、脊柱活动度、动态平衡和功能活动度测量中的痉挛相关缺陷。这种训练方案可以用作传统平衡和/或阻力训练的辅助甚至替代。版权所有（c）2012 S. Karger AG，巴塞尔
Background: Age-related postural misalignment, balance deficits and strength/power losses are associated with impaired functional mobility and an increased risk of falling in seniors. Core instability strength training (CIT) involves exercises that are challenging for both trunk muscles and postural control and may thus have the potential to induce benefits in trunk muscle strength, spinal mobility and balance performance. Objective: The objective was to investigate the effects of CIT on measures of trunk muscle strength, spinal mobility, dynamic balance and functional mobility in seniors. Methods: Thirty-two older adults were randomly assigned to an intervention group (INT; n = 16, aged 70.8 +/- 4.1 years) that conducted a 9-week progressive CIT or to a control group (n = 16, aged 70.2 +/- 4.5 years). Maximal isometric strength of the trunk flexors/extensors/lateral flexors (right, left)/rotators (right, left) as well as of spinal mobility in the sagittal and the coronal plane was measured before and after the intervention program. Dynamic balance (i.e. walking 10 m on an optoelectric walkway, the Functional Reach test) and functional mobility (Timed Up and Go test) were additionally tested. Results: Program compliance was excellent with participants of the INT group completing 92% of the training sessions. Significant group x test interactions were found for the maximal isometric strength of the trunk flexors (34%, p < 0.001), extensors (21%, p < 0.001), lateral flexors (right: 48%, p < 0.001; left: 53%, p < 0.001) and left rotators (42%, p < 0.001) in favor of the INT group. Further, training-related improvements were found for spinal mobility in the sagittal (11%, p < 0.001) and coronal plane (11%, p = 0.06) directions, for stride velocity (9%, p < 0.05), the coefficient of variation in stride velocity (31%, p < 0.05), the Functional Reach test (20%, p < 0.05) and the Timed Up and Go test (4%, p < 0.05) in favor of the INT group. Conclusion: CIT proved to be a feasible exercise program for seniors with a high adherence rate. Age-related deficits in measures of trunk muscle strength, spinal mobility, dynamic balance and functional mobility can be mitigated by CIT. This training regimen could be used as an adjunct or even alternative to traditional balance and/or resistance training. Copyright (c) 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel