Matrix matters: Hyperbranched flame retardants in aliphatic and aromatic epoxy resins
Matrix matters: Hyperbranched flame retardants in aliphatic and aromatic epoxy resins
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DOI：
10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2019.108986
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发表时间：
2019-12-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Schartel, Bernhard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Battig, Alexander;Markwart, Jens C.;Schartel, Bernhard
我们合成了一个磷基阻燃剂库（低和高摩尔质量的磷酸盐和磷酰胺），并研究了它们在两种环氧树脂（一种脂肪族和一种芳香族）中的行为。通过TGA、TG-FTIR、热台FTIR、Py-GC/MS、PCFC、DSC、LOI、UL-94、锥形量热仪等分析手段对两种树脂的热分解和燃烧行为进行了研究，并与含阻燃剂（FR）的复合材料的结果进行了比较。提出了一种分解途径，将确定的作用模式和已知的化学机制。基质和FR的分解温度（T-dec）范围的重叠决定了系统的功效。低摩尔质量FR强烈影响材料性质，如T-g，但反应性很强，高摩尔质量变体更热稳定。改变FR的P-O和P-N含量影响分解，但基质的化学结构也指导FR行为。因此，磷酸酯在脂肪族环氧树脂中提供较低的火灾负荷和热释放，并且磷酰胺可以在芳香族基质中充当添加剂或在脂肪族基质中充当反应性FR。阻燃剂和基体的化学结构和结构-性能关系对阻燃剂的性能至关重要，不能将其视为两个独立的系统，而应视为一个相互依存的系统。(C)2019爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
We synthesized a library of phosphorus-based flame retardants (phosphates and phosphoramides of low and high molar mass) and investigated their behavior in two epoxy resins (one aliphatic and one aromatic). The pyrolytic and burning behavior of the two resins (via TGA, TG-FTIR, Hot stage FTIR, Py-GC/MS, PCFC, DSC, LOI, UL-94, Cone calorimeter) are analyzed and compared to the results of flame retardant (FR)-containing composites. A decomposition pathway incorporating the identified modes of action and known chemical mechanisms is proposed. The overlap of decomposition temperature (T-dec) ranges of matrix and FR determines the efficacy of the system. Low molar mass FRs strongly impact material properties like T-g but are very reactive, and high molar mass variants are more thermally stable. Varying P-O and P-N content of the FR affects decomposition, but the chemical structure of the matrix also guides FR behavior. Thus, phosphates afford lower fire load and heat release in aliphatic epoxy resins, and phosphoramides can act as additives in an aromatic matrix or a reactive FRs in aliphatic ones. The chemical structure and the structure-property relationship of both FR and matrix are central to FR performance and must be viewed not as two separate but as one codependent system. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.