Emerging Functions of Plant Serine/Arginine-Rich (SR) Proteins: Lessons from Animals
Emerging Functions of Plant Serine/Arginine-Rich (SR) Proteins: Lessons from Animals
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DOI：
10.1080/07352689.2020.1770942
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发表时间：
2020-03
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Di Zhang;Moxian Chen;F. Zhu;Jianhua Zhang;Ying-Gao Liu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Di Zhang;Moxian Chen;F. Zhu;Jianhua Zhang;Ying-Gao Liu
摘要富含丝氨酸/丝氨酸蛋白广泛存在于高等真核生物，包括后生动物和植物。它们形成在组成性剪接（CS）和选择性剪接（AS）中起作用的必需剪接因子的主要家族。一些SR蛋白还可以在细胞核和细胞质之间穿梭，并且具有超出剪接的作用。SR蛋白的活性是许多生物体维持正常生长和发育所必需的。虽然SR基因已经在许多植物中被发现，但与动物中发现的SR基因相比，它们的研究较少。现有的研究结果表明，植物SR蛋白与动物SR蛋白有许多相似的性质。然而，植物通常具有较高数量的SR蛋白，其在正常条件下显示出很大程度上冗余的功能，但参与特定的胁迫反应。此外，许多动物和植物SR基因是选择性剪接的，并且可以被自身或其他SR蛋白调控。这些AS事件通常与无义介导的衰变（NMD）相结合，使得在不同条件下能够实现蛋白质量控制的机制，但有时也导致具有不同功能的翻译蛋白质同种型。在这里，我们总结了SR蛋白在动物和植物中的主要发现，并比较了SR研究在这两个研究领域的基本特点。
Abstract Serine/arginine-rich (SR) proteins are widely found in higher eukaryotes, including metazoans and plants. They form a major family of essential splicing factors that function in both constitutive splicing (CS) and alternative splicing (AS). Some SR proteins can also shuttle between the nucleus and cytoplasm and have roles beyond splicing. The activities of SR proteins are required for many living organisms to maintain normal growth and development. Although SR genes have been identified in numerous plants, they are less studied than those found in animals. The results of existing research suggest that plant SR proteins share many similar properties with their animal counterparts. However, plants generally have a higher number of SR proteins that display largely redundant functions under normal conditions but participate in specific stress responses. Moreover, many animal and plant SR genes are alternatively spliced and can be regulated by themselves or other SR proteins. These AS events, often coupled to nonsense-mediated decay (NMD), enable a mechanism for protein amount control under different conditions but sometimes also lead to translated protein isoforms with different functions. Here, we summarize the key findings of SR proteins in animals and plants and compare the essential characteristics of SR studies in these two research areas.