Clock genes regulate mating activity rhythms in the vector mosquitoes, Aedes albopictus and Culex quinquefasciatus.
Clock genes regulate mating activity rhythms in the vector mosquitoes, Aedes albopictus and Culex quinquefasciatus.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010965
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发表时间：
2022-12
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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内源性昼夜节律是由基因编码的分子钟产生的，分子钟的组成部分和下游的输出因素协同作用，产生活动的周期性变化。交配是蚊子的一项重要活动，但白纹伊蚊和致倦库蚊两种媒介蚊种交配节律的关键环节及其调控机制尚不清楚。我们测定并比较了这两种蚊子的交配活动节律，发现Ae。白纹伊蚊在明暗过渡期(ZT0-3和ZT9-12)有交配高峰，而Cx.西洋参仅在ZT12-15出现交配高峰。Clock(Clk)同源基因(Aalclk和Cxqclk)的敲除导致Ae交配峰的相位延迟或相位反转。Albopictus和Cx.Ququiefasciatus，分别为。此外，两种蚊种中去饱和酶同源基因desat1的时间表达模式在不同的野生型品系中也不同，并且表现出与clk突变品系交配节律相似的相变。抑制desat1的表达导致两种雄性蚊子的交配活动减少，但雌性蚊子没有。此外，Desat1还调节了这两个物种角质层碳氢化合物的合成。男性Ae的沉默deat1。白纹伊蚊降低了促进交配的二十九烷和二十三烷，同时增加了抑制交配的二十七烷。雄性Cx中的沉默deat1。果蝇还能降低三十烷的含量，从而促进交配。这些结果表明，Aalclk和Cxqclk在两种Ae的交配活动节律中起着重要作用。Albopictus和Cx.在LD周期下，通过调节desat1基因的时间表达，从而影响性信息素的合成和交配。这项工作为揭示Ae不同交配节律的分子调控机制提供了新的思路。Albopictus和Cx.可能为这两种重要媒介蚊虫的防治提供依据。白纹伊蚊和致倦库蚊是全球分布的重要媒介蚊种，传播多种病原体。这两种蚊子有不同的昼夜节律模式，其中Ae。白纹伊蚊为日间活动，Cx。是夜间活动的。交配是蚊子的一项重要活动，然而，交配节律及其调控机制在Ae。Albopictus和Cx.目前还没有对其进行描述。在这里，我们比较了这两种蚊子的交配活动，发现Ae。Albopictus和Cx.Ququiefasciatus有明显的交配节律，这种节律可能会被每日的LD循环所吸引。利用CRISPR/Cas9技术敲除了这两种蚊种的核心时钟基因时钟(CLK)，发现Aalclk和Cxqclk在两种蚊种的交配活动节律中都有显著的作用。Albopictus和Cx.通过调节脱饱和酶desat1基因的时间表达，从而影响性信息素的合成和交配。这些发现为深入了解蚊媒的交配节律奠定了基础，这可能为开发新的和精确的蚊子控制提供见解。
Endogenous circadian rhythms result from genetically-encoded molecular clocks, whose components and downstream output factors cooperate to generate cyclic changes in activity. Mating is an important activity of mosquitoes, however, the key aspects of mating rhythm patterns and their regulatory mechanisms in two vector mosquito species, Aedes albopictus and Culex quinquefasciatus, remain unclear. We determined and compared the diel mating activity rhythms of these two mosquito species and discovered that Ae. albopictus had mating peaks in the light/dark transition periods (ZT0-3 and ZT9-12), while Cx. quinquefasciatus only had a mating peak at ZT12-15. Knockouts of the clock (clk) orthologous genes (Aalclk and Cxqclk) resulted in phase delay or phase reversal of the mating peaks in Ae. albopictus and Cx. quinquefasciatus, respectively. In addition, the temporal expression pattern of the desaturase orthologous genes, desat1, in both mosquito species was also different in respective wild-type strains and showed phase changes similar to the mating rhythms in clk mutant strains. Inhibition of desat1 expression resulted in decreased mating activity in male mosquitoes of both species but not females. In addition, desat1 regulated cuticular hydrocarbons’ synthesis in both species. Silencing desat1 in male Ae. albopictus resulted in decreases of nonadecane and tricosane, which promoted mating, with concomitant increases of heptacosane, which inhibited mating. Silencing desat1 in male Cx. quinquefasciatus also resulted in decreases of tricosane, which promoted mating. These results suggest that Aalclk and Cxqclk have significant roles in the mating activity rhythms in both Ae. albopictus and Cx. quinquefasciatus by regulating the temporal expression of the desat1 gene under LD cycles, which affects sex pheromone synthesis and mating. This work provides insights into the molecular regulatory mechanism of distinct mating rhythm of Ae. albopictus and Cx. quinquefasciatus and may provide a basis for the control of these two important vector mosquitoes. Aedes albopictus and Culex quinquefasciatus are globally-distributed and important vector mosquito species that transmit a variety of pathogens. The two mosquito species have different circadian patterns, with Ae. albopictus being diurnal and Cx. quinquefasciatus being nocturnal. Mating is an important activity of mosquitoes, however, the mating rhythms and their regulatory mechanisms in Ae. albopictus and Cx. quinquefasciatus have yet to be described. Here, we compared the diel mating activities of these two mosquito species and discovered that Ae. albopictus and Cx. quinquefasciatus have distinct mating rhythms, which can be entrained by daily LD cycles. CRISPR/Cas9 technologies were used to knock out the core clock gene clock (clk) in the two mosquito species and found that Aalclk and Cxqclk have significant roles in the mating activity rhythms in both Ae. albopictus and Cx. quinquefasciatus by regulating the temporal expression of the desaturase desat1 gene, which can affect sex pheromone synthesis and mating. These findings establish the basis for an in-depth understanding of the mating rhythms for mosquito vectors, which may provide insights in the development of novel and precise mosquito control.
基于模型的雄性果蝇中表皮烃的化学和时间模式。
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Kent, Clement;Azanchi, Reza;Smith, Ben;Chu, Adrienne;Levine, Joel
通讯作者：
Levine, Joel