Trends in the Prevalence of Short Sleepers in the USA: 1975-2006
Trends in the Prevalence of Short Sleepers in the USA: 1975-2006
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DOI：
10.1093/sleep/33.1.37
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Lauderdale, Diane S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Knutson, Kristen L.;Van Cauter, Eve;Lauderdale, Diane S.
研究目的：确定(1)短睡眠是否在31年内增加；(2)短时睡眠趋势是否因就业状况而异；(3)哪些社会人口学因素会导致睡眠不足；(4)睡眠时间短的人如何度过他们的时间。设计：1975年至2006年间进行的8项全国性研究的时间日志。患者或参与者：18岁的美国成年人。测量和结果：短睡眠者被定义为那些在他们的时间日记中报告睡眠时间小于6小时的人。短睡眠者未经调整的比例从1975年的7.6%到2006年的9.3%不等。在1998-99年的研究中，睡眠不足的几率最高。在调整饲料、性别、教育程度、就业、种族、婚姻状况、收入和工作日后，31年期间预测短睡眠的比值比为1.14 （95% Cl: 0.92, 1.50, P = 0.22）。当按就业分层时，全职工人的比例显著增加（P = 0.05），占所有研究参与者的50%以上，而学生的比例显著下降（P = 0.01），占参与者的5%以下。女性、65岁以上的人、亚洲人、西班牙人以及已婚人士睡眠不足的几率较低。全职工作者、受过大学教育的人和非裔美国人的几率更高。在所有职业类别中，睡眠时间短的人花在个人活动上的时间更多。睡眠时间短的全职和兼职工作者花在工作上的时间要多得多。结论：基于时间日志，在过去的31年里，睡眠不足的几率的增加只在全职工作者中是显著的。对于睡眠不足6小时的全职工人来说，工作时间要长得多。
Study Objectives: To determine (1) whether short sleep has increased over 31 years; (2) whether trends in short sleep differed by employment status; (3) which sociodemographic factors predict short sleep; and (4) how short sleepers spend their time.Design: Time diaries from eight national studies conducted between 1975 and 2006.Patients or Participants: U.S. adults 18 years.Measurements and Results: Short sleepers were defined as those reporting < 6 hours of sleep in their time diary. Unadjusted percentages of short sleepers ranged from 7.6% in 1975 to 9.3% in 2006. The 1998-99 study had the highest odds of short sleep. The odds ratio for the 31-year period predicting short sleep was 1.14 (95% Cl: 0.92, 1.50, P = 0.22), adjusting forage, sex, education, employment, race, marital status, income, and day of week. When stratified by employment, there was a significant increase for full-time workers (P = 0.05), who represented over 50% of participants in all studies, and a significant decrease for students (P = 0.01), who represented < 5% of participants. The odds of short sleep were lower for women, those >= 65 years, Asians, Hispanics, and married people. The odds were higher for full-time workers, those with some college education, and African Americans. Short sleepers in all employment categories spent more time on personal activities. Short sleepers who were full- and part-time workers spent much more time working.Conclusions: Based on time diaries, the increase in the odds of short sleep over the past 31 years was significant among full-time workers only. Work hours are much longer for full-time workers sleeping < 6 hours.