Non‐invasive naturalized alien plants were not more pollen‐limited than invasive aliens and natives in a common garden
Non‐invasive naturalized alien plants were not more pollen‐limited than invasive aliens and natives in a common garden
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DOI：
10.1111/1365-2435.12633
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发表时间：
2016-09
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Mialy Razanajatovo;M. Kleunen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mialy Razanajatovo;M. Kleunen
1.与许多非入侵植物不同，许多入侵植物是自交亲和和自花受精的，因此不完全依赖配偶和传粉者来产生种子。尽管如此，它们通常仍然依赖传粉者来实现最大限度的繁殖。事实上，已经表明，许多入侵植物可以吸引非本地范围内的传粉者，并且可能比非入侵植物吸引更多的传粉者。这表明，许多引进的外来植物可能没有成为入侵者，因为它们的花粉有限。2.我们使用实验方法来测试非入侵的外来物种是否比入侵的外来物种和本地物种遭受更高的花粉限制，并具有更低的自育性。在一个共同的花园里，我们评估了花粉限制和自体受精的程度的8个同源（或同源）三胞胎的本地，入侵和非入侵（但归化）外来植物物种（共24种）。我们的育种系统试验包括三个处理：花粉补充，开放授粉和传粉者排斥。我们报告了花粉限制和自花受精的三种措施（坐果，种子产量每果和花粉限制和自花受精指数的基础上种子产量每花）。3.我们发现，这三个植物类群的花粉限制程度较低，几乎都具有一定程度的自花受精性。此外，我们的遗传信息分析表明，三个植物组在花粉限制和自花受精的程度上没有显着差异。4.我们的研究结果支持以前的研究结果，外来植物能够吸引传粉者在非本地地区。然而，由于入侵和非入侵归化外来物种没有不同程度的花粉限制，我们的研究结果表明，花粉限制可能不会发挥重要作用，外来植物的传播，一旦他们已经成为归化。
1. Many invasive alien plants are, in contrast to many non-invasive ones, self-compatible and autofertile and thus do not fully depend on mates and pollinators for seed production. Nevertheless, they often still depend on pollinators for maximal reproduction. Indeed, it has been shown that many invasive plants can attract pollinators in the non-native range and may attract more of them than non-invasive plants do. This suggests that many introduced alien plants may have failed to become invasive because they are pollen-limited. 2. We used an experimental approach to test whether non-invasive alien species suffer higher pollen limitation and have lower autofertility than invasive aliens and natives. In a common garden, we assessed the degree of pollen limitation and autofertility of eight confamilial (or congeneric) triplets of native, invasive and non-invasive (but naturalized) alien plant species (totalling 24 species). Our breeding-system experiment included three treatments: pollen supplementation, open pollination and pollinator exclusion. We report three measures of pollen limitation and autofertility (fruit set, seed production per fruit and indices of pollen limitation and autofertility based on seed production per flower). 3. We found that the three plant groups had low degrees of pollen limitation and were almost all autofertile to some degree. Moreover, our phylogenetically informed analyses showed that the three plant groups did not differ significantly in their degrees of pollen limitation and autofertility. 4. Our results support previous findings that alien plants are able to attract pollinators in nonnative regions. Nevertheless, because invasive and non-invasive naturalized alien species did not differ in their degrees of pollen limitation, our results suggest that pollen limitation may not play a major role in the spread of alien plants, once they have become naturalized.