Respiratory deposition patterns of salbutamol pMDI with CFC and HFA-134a formulations in a human airway replica
Respiratory deposition patterns of salbutamol pMDI with CFC and HFA-134a formulations in a human airway replica
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DOI：
10.1089/08942680152484180
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发表时间：
2001-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zhou, Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cheng, YS;Fu, CS;Zhou, Y
本文介绍了一种技术，使用一个明确的人类气道复制品和伽马计数作为标准方法，用于评估和比较医用吸入器和隔离器的性能。根据需要，从人类尸体制作的主模型复制的高保真复制品包括口咽腔，喉，气管和五到九代支气管。通过流经上游气道并收集在泡沫过滤器上的材料模拟铸件小气道和肺泡区域中的沉积。通过在医用吸入器中使用放射性标记和伽马射线照相术获得呼吸道复制品中的沉积模式。该技术用于测定含氯氟烃（CFC，内部制剂）和HFA-134制剂（Proventil氢氟烷[HFA]）的加压定量吸入器（pMDI）中沙丁胺醇的呼吸沉积模式。在30 L/min的吸气流量下，沙丁胺醇/CFC配方中的模式显示口咽气道中的高沉积（78%）和肺中的16%沉积，与文献中报道的体内测量结果相似。然而，沙丁胺醇/HFA配方显示较低的口腔沉积（56%），但较高的肺沉积（24%）。口腔沉积模式的差异可能归因于Proventil HFA的较低初始喷雾速度、初始液滴蒸发速率和可能的初始液滴大小。Proventil HFA致动器的小孔直径（0.25 mm）产生的羽流较软，冲击力较小，导致口咽沉积较低。级联撞击采样器测量结果表明，氟氯化碳和氢氟烷烃制剂的空气动力学粒度分布相似。我们还表明，在Proventil HFA中使用间隔物导致口咽部较低。沉积和更高的肺部沉积，表明有益的影响。口咽沉积物与撞击器测量中使用的人工喉预测的沉积物的比较表明，一般而言，人工喉预测的沉积物较低。
This paper describes a technique that uses a well-defined human airway replica and gamma counting as a standard method for evaluating and comparing the performance of medical inhalers and spacers. High-fidelity replicas reproduced as needed from master casts made from human cadavers include the oropharyngeal cavity, larynx, trachea, and five to nine generations of bronchi. Deposition in the small airways and alveoli region of the cast is simulated by material that passes through the upstream airways and is collected on foam filters. Deposition patterns in the respiratory tract replica were obtained by using radiolabel in the medical inhaler and by gamma scintigraphy. This technique was used to determine respiratory deposition patterns of salbutamol in a pressurized metered dose inhaler (pMDI) with chlorofluorocarbon (CFC, in-house formulation) and HFA-134 formulations (Proventil hydrofluoroalkane [HFA]). At an inspiration flow of 30 L/min, patterns in the salbutamol/CFC formula showed a high deposition in the oropharyngeal airway (78%) and a 16% deposition in the lung, similar to in vivo measurements reported in the literature. However, the salbutamol/HFA formula showed lower oral deposition (56%) but higher lung deposition (24%). The difference in the oral deposition patterns may be attributed to lower initial spray velocity, initial droplet evaporation rate, and possibly initial droplet sizes of Proventil HFA. The small orifice diameter (0.25 mm) of the Proventil HFA actuator produced a softer plume with a smaller impact force, resulting in lower oropharyngeal deposition. Cascade impactor measurements showed similar aerodynamic particle size distribution of the CFC and HFA formulations. We also showed that using spacers in the Proventil HFA resulted in a lower oropharyngeal. deposition and higher lung deposition, indicating beneficial effects. Comparison of oropharyngeal deposition and those predicted by artificial throats used in the impactor measurements showed that, in general, the artificial throat predicted a lower deposition.