Bioluminescent organs of two deep-sea arrow worms, Eukrohnia fowleri and Caecosagitta macrocephala, with further observations on Bioluminescence in chaetognaths.
Bioluminescent organs of two deep-sea arrow worms, Eukrohnia fowleri and Caecosagitta macrocephala, with further observations on Bioluminescence in chaetognaths.
复制标题
两种深海箭虫（Eukrohnia fowleri 和 Caecosagitta macrocephala）的生物发光器官，以及对毛颌生物发光的进一步观察。
DOI：
10.1086/bblv219n2p100
复制
发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Haddock,StevenHD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Thuesen,ErikV;Goetz,FreyaE;Haddock,StevenHD
首次报道了深海毛颚类Eukrohnia fowleriis的生物发光现象，并对毛颚类生物发光的行为、形态和化学特征进行了研究。在这项研究之前，唯一已知的生物发光毛颚类物种是Caecosagitta macrocephala。该种的发光器官位于前侧鳍的腹面边缘，而E. fowleriruns横跨中心的尾鳍在背侧和腹侧。扫描电子显微镜显示，这两个物种的生物发光器官由六角形的腔室包含细长的卵形颗粒细胞器持有生物发光材料。已知没有其他发光生物使用六边形包装来容纳生物发光材料。透射电子显微镜观察了C. macrocephalalalvehed一个密集的次晶基质穿插的球状夹杂物，这可能分别对应于荧光素酶和荧光素酶。这两个物种都使用独特的酶结合腔肠素发光。30 min后，大头梭菌的荧光素酶失活，而大肠杆菌的荧光素酶失活。Fowlerii是高度稳定的。虽然C。macrocephala比E少90倍。fowleri，它具有类似的生物发光能力（总颗粒体积）由于其较大的颗粒尺寸。在situationobservations of C.macrocephalafrom a remote operated vehicle revealed the luminous particles are released to form a cloud.在第二个与第一个在遗传学上相距甚远的毛颚类中发现生物发光，突出了生物发光在深海生物中的重要性。
Bioluminescence in the deep-sea chaetognathEukrohnia fowleriis reported for the first time, and behavioral, morphological, and chemical characteristics of bioluminescence in chaetognaths are examined. Until this study, the only known species of bioluminescent chaetognath wasCaecosagitta macrocephala. The luminescent organ of that species is located on the ventral edge of each anterior lateral fin, whereas that ofE. fowleriruns across the center of the tail fin on both dorsal and ventral sides. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the bioluminescent organs of both species consist of hexagonal chambers containing elongate ovoid particles—the organelles holding bioluminescent materials. No other luminous organism is known to use hexagonal packing to hold bioluminescent materials. Transmission electron microscopy of particles fromC. macrocephalarevealed a densely packed paracrystalline matrix punctuated by globular inclusions, which likely correspond to luciferin and luciferase, respectively. Both species use unique luciferases in conjunction with coelenterazine for light emission. Luciferase ofC.macrocephalabecomes inactive after 30 min, but luciferase ofE. fowleriis highly stable. AlthoughC. macrocephalahas about 90 times fewer particles thanE. fowleri, it has a similar bioluminescent capacity (total particle volume) due to its larger particle size.In situobservations ofC.macrocephalafrom a remotely operated vehicle revealed that the luminous particles are released to form a cloud. The discovery of bioluminescence in a second chaetognath phylogenetically distant from the first highlights the importance of bioluminescence among deep-sea organisms.