Evolved disease-avoidance mechanisms and contemporary xenophobic attitudes
Evolved disease-avoidance mechanisms and contemporary xenophobic attitudes
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DOI：
10.1177/1368430204046142
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发表时间：
2004-10-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Duncan, LA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Faulkner, J;Schaller, M;Duncan, LA
从进化心理学的推理，我们得出了这样的假设，即慢性和背景引起的对疾病的脆弱感会激发对外国人的负面反应。这一假设在四项相关研究中得到了检验和支持：慢性疾病的担忧预测了将外国外群体与危险相关联的内隐认知，也预测了对外国（但不熟悉）移民群体的不太积极的态度。这一假设还在两项操纵传染病显着性的实验中得到了支持：在高疾病显着性条件下的参与者对外国（但不熟悉）移民的态度不太积极，并且更有可能支持有利于移民的政策熟悉的而不是外国人。这些结果揭示了以前未充分探索的影响仇外态度，并提出了有趣的进化疾病避免机制和当代社会认知之间的联系。
From evolutionary psychological reasoning, we derived the hypothesis that chronic and contextually aroused feelings of vulnerability to disease motivate negative reactions to foreign peoples. The hypothesis was tested and supported across four correlational studies: chronic disease worries predicted implicit cognitions associating foreign outgroups with danger, and also predicted less positive attitudes toward foreign (but not familiar) immigrant groups. The hypothesis also received support in two experiments in which the salience of contagious disease was manipulated: participants under high disease-salience conditions expressed less positive attitudes toward foreign (but not familiar) immigrants and were more likely to endorse policies that would favor the immigration of familiar rather than foreign peoples. These results reveal a previously under-explored influence on xenophobic attitudes, and suggest interesting linkages between evolved disease-avoidance mechanisms and contemporary social cognition.