Preattentional and attentional cognitive deficits as targets for treating schizophrenia
Preattentional and attentional cognitive deficits as targets for treating schizophrenia
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DOI：
10.1007/s00213-004-1848-0
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发表时间：
2004-06-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Light, GA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Braff, DL;Light, GA
背景和理由。精神分裂症的药物治疗传统上针对阳性精神病性症状。一个新兴的观点是，开发改善精神分裂症患者认知的药物是实现更好功能结局的重要一步。在精神分裂症中经常观察到的认知缺陷可以使用（1）神经心理学测试进行评估;（2）神经生理学测试，这篇文章的主题。这些神经生理学测量涵盖了从自动预注意到注意依赖过程的范围。目标.这篇文章的重点是认知缺陷，似乎是一个新的“第三代”药物，可用于治疗精神分裂症和其他患者的认知和功能的特定缺陷有希望的目标。我们讨论了可能使用以下六项措施的前注意和注意依赖性认知缺陷：不匹配负性，P50事件相关电位抑制，惊吓反应的前脉冲抑制，P300事件相关电位，连续性能任务的性能，和oculopathic antiscade性能。结论.使用前注意和注意力依赖的措施提供了独特的机会，以改善我们的医疗设备的药物策略治疗精神分裂症患者的认知缺陷。本综述说明了这些指标作为现有和新的抗精神病药物靶点的有用性，这些药物可能（1）表征精神分裂症患者发生的认知缺陷，（2）评估这些指标的药物相关改善和功能结局的潜在相关改善。
Background and rationale. Pharmacotherapy of schizophrenia has traditionally targeted positive psychotic symptoms. An emerging view is that developing medications that improve cognition in schizophrenia patients is a major step forward in achieving better functional outcome. The cognitive deficits that are often observed in schizophrenia can be assessed using (1) neuropsychological tests; and (2) neurophysiological tests, the topic of this article. These neurophysiological measures cover a spectrum from automatic preattentional to attention-dependent processes. Objectives. This article focuses on cognitive deficits that appear to be promising targets for a new "third generation" of medications that may be used to treat schizophrenia and other patients with specific deficits in cognition and functioning. We discuss the possible use of the following six measures of preattentional and attention-dependent cognitive deficits: mismatch negativity, P50 event-related potential suppression, prepulse inhibition of the startle response, P300 event-related potential, continuous performance task performance, and oculomotor antisaccade performance. Conclusions. The use of preattentional and attention-dependent measures offer unique opportunities to improve our armamentarium of pharmacologic strategies for the treatment of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia patients. This review illustrates the usefulness of these measures as targets for existing and new antipsychotic medications that will potentially (1) characterize the cognitive deficits that occur in schizophrenia patients and (2) assess medication-related improvement on these measures and the potential associated improvement in functional outcome.