Expertise in Software Design
Expertise in Software Design
复制标题
软件设计专业知识
DOI：
10.1017/cbo9780511816796.021
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Judith Volmer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Sonnentag;C. Niessen;Judith Volmer
在本章中，我们回顾了软件设计、计算机编程和相关任务方面的研究证据。这一领域的研究特别有趣，因为它涉及与专业知识相关的相当一般的特征和过程（例如，知识表示，解决问题的策略），并在经济相关的现实世界的设置高性能的具体特点。因此，在本章中，我们从各个领域中汲取文献，主要来自认知心理学，但也来自工作和组织心理学以及计算机科学中的软件设计文献。我们的章节组织如下：在第一个主要部分，我们提供了一个简短的描述领域，并给出了在软件开发任务的概述。接下来，我们简要描述专业知识的概念，并区分专业知识作为多年经验和专业知识作为高绩效的概念化。第三节是本章的核心部分。在本节中，我们回顾了在软件设计、编程、程序理解、测试和调试等任务中的经验研究。此外，我们描述了专家表演者如何不同于非专家方面的知识，以及沟通和合作的过程。在最后一节中，我们提出了未来研究的方向，并讨论了一些实际意义。
In this chapter, we review research evidence on expertise in software design, computer programming, and related tasks. Research in this domain is particularly interesting because it refers both to rather general features and processes associated with expertise (e.g., knowledge representation, problem-solving strategies) and to speci£c characteristics of high performers in an economically relevant real-world setting. Therefore, in this chapter we draw on literature from various £elds, mainly from cognitive psychology, but also from work and organizational psychology and from the software-design literature within computer science. Our chapter is organized as follows: In the first main section we provide a brief description of the domain and give an overview of tasks in software development. Next} we briefly describe the expertise concept and distinguish between a conceptualization of expertise as years of experience and expertise as high performance. The third main section is the core part of this chapter. In this section, we review empirical research on expertise in tasks such as software design, programming, program comprehension, testing, and debugging. Moreover, we describe how expert performers differ from non-experts with respect to knowledge as well as communication and cooperation processes. In the £nal section, we present directions for future research and discuss some practical implications.