Children's Use of Slope to Guide Navigation: Sex Differences Relate to Spontaneous Slope Perception
Children's Use of Slope to Guide Navigation: Sex Differences Relate to Spontaneous Slope Perception
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儿童利用斜坡引导导航：性别差异与自发的斜坡感知有关
DOI：
10.1080/13875868.2015.1015131
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Steven M. Weisberg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Holmes;D. Nardi;N. Newcombe;Steven M. Weisberg
最近的研究结果表明，尽管男性的表现明显优于女性，但成年人可以利用坡度来指导空间搜索。为了更仔细地研究性别差异，我们以类似的范式测试了学龄儿童。在四次试验中，当方形外壳的地板平坦（控制条件）、倾斜（斜坡条件）或通过“落球演示”倾斜时，儿童（n = 110）会迷失方向，并被要求找到隐藏的目标，目的是使斜坡更加突出（落球条件）。在存在斜坡提示的情况下，孩子们的表现高于偶然，尽管男孩的表现明显优于女孩。男孩也更有可能注意到斜坡，而自发的斜坡感知是使用斜坡提示的关键。
Recent findings show that human adults can use slope to guide spatial search, although men significantly outperform women. To examine the sex difference more closely, we tested school-age children in a similar paradigm. Over four trials, children (n = 110) were disoriented and asked to locate a hidden target when the floor of a square enclosure was flat (control condition), sloped (slope condition), or sloped with a “ball drop demonstration,” intended to make the slope more salient (ball drop condition). In the presence of the slope cue, children performed above chance, although boys significantly outperformed girls. Boys were also more likely to notice the slope, and spontaneous slope perception was key to using the slope cue.