Symptoms and correlates of anabolic-androgenic steroid dependence.
Symptoms and correlates of anabolic-androgenic steroid dependence.
复制标题
合成代谢雄激素类固醇依赖性的症状和相关性。
DOI:
10.1111/j.1360-0443.1991.tb03101.x
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发表时间:
1991
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Hill,EM
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Brower,KJ;Blow,FC;Young,JP;Hill,EM
Forty‐nine male weight lifters, all users of anabolic‐androgenic steroids (AASs), completed an anonymous, self‐administered questionnaire to investigate addictive patterns of use. At least one DSM‐III‐R symptom of dependence was reported by 94% of the sample. Three or more symptoms, consistent with a diagnosis of dependence, were reported by 57%. Dependent users (n=28) could be distinguished from non‐dependent users (n=21) by their use of larger doses, more cycles of use, more dissatisfaction with body size, and more aggressive symptoms. Multiple regression analysis revealed that dosage and dissatisfaction with body size were the best predictors of dependent use. Patterns of other substances used, although not predictive of AAS dependence, revealed very low cigarette use and at the same time high alcohol consumption. These data support the notion that AASs are addicting, and suggest that dissatisfaction with body size may lead to dependent patterns of use. The implications for both prevention and treatment are discussed.
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DOI:
10.1001/jama.1984.03350140051025
发表时间:
1984
期刊:
JAMA
影响因子:
--
作者:
J. Ewing
通讯作者:
J. Ewing
影响因子:
17.7
作者:
L. Hays;S. Littleton;V. Stillner
通讯作者:
V. Stillner
影响因子:
0.8
作者:
R. Tricker;Michael R. O'neill;David Cook
通讯作者:
David Cook
DOI:
10.1176/ajp.147.4.510
发表时间:
1990
期刊:
The American journal of psychiatry
影响因子:
--
作者:
Brower,KJ;Eliopulos,GA;Blow,FC;Catlin,DH;Beresford,TP
通讯作者:
Beresford,TP
影响因子:
2.7
作者:
G. McKillop
通讯作者:
G. McKillop