Robust characterization of microfabricated atomic beams on a six-month time scale
Robust characterization of microfabricated atomic beams on a six-month time scale
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevresearch.2.023239
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发表时间：
2020-05-29
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Raman, C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Chao;Wei, Bochao;Raman, C.
微型原子束可以为原子钟和干涉仪等基于原子的传感仪器提供新功能。我们最近展示了一种用于产生准直热原子束的平面硅装置 [Nat.交流。 1831 年 10 月（2019 年）]。在这里，我们展示了对从薄硅毛细管阵列发射的原子束的荧光光谱研究。这些微加工铷光束在 100 摄氏度以上的不同温度下稳定工作超过六个月。在 150 摄氏度的烘箱温度下，微型源的校准吞吐量为 7 x 10(11) 原子/秒/通道，典型光束亮度为每单位源面积每球面度每秒 6 x 10(14) 原子 [s(-1) sr(-1) mm(-2)]。我们还提出了一种在给定蒙特卡罗模拟角分布函数的情况下评估荧光光谱的方法，即使在探测过渡的强激光饱和条件下也是如此。蒙特卡洛模拟结合多级主方程计算充分考虑了高斯激光束的光泵浦和空间扩展的影响。这项工作的一个显着结果是理论和实验数据之间的一致性，使得准直器角度分布的精细细节能够在原子束输出通量的三十个动态范围内得到解决。
Miniature atomic beams can provide new functionalities for atom-based sensing instruments such as atomic clocks and interferometers. We recently demonstrated a planar silicon device for generating well-collimated thermal atomic beams [Nat. Commun. 10, 1831 (2019)]. Here we present fluorescence spectroscopy studies on atomic beams emitted from an array of thin silicon capillaries. These microfabricated rubidium beams work stably over six months at different temperatures above 100 degrees C. At an oven temperature of 150 degrees C, the calibrated throughput of the miniature source is 7 x 10(11) atoms/s/channel with a typical beam brightness of 6 x 10(14) atoms per second per steradian per unit source area [s(-1) sr(-1) mm(-2)]. We also present a recipe for evaluating the fluorescence spectra given the Monte Carlo-simulated angular distribution function, even under conditions of strong laser saturation of the probing transition. Monte Carlo simulations together with multilevel master equation calculations fully account for the influence of optical pumping and spatial extension of the Gaussian laser beam. A notable consequence of this work is the agreement between theory and experimental data that has allowed fine details of the angular distribution of the collimator to be resolved over three decades of dynamic range of atomic beam output flux.