A watershed modeling analysis of fluvial geomorphologic influences on flood peak attenuation
A watershed modeling analysis of fluvial geomorphologic influences on flood peak attenuation
复制标题
河流地貌对洪峰衰减影响的流域模型分析
DOI：
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发表时间：
1994
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
K. Potter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Woltemade;K. Potter
在一些流域，但不是所有流域，漫滩表面上的洪水储存引起的洪峰衰减有效地降低了洪峰流量的大小。对影响洪水储存和输送的几个地貌因素进行了调查，以评估其对下游洪峰流量的定量影响。MIKE 11全径流和水动力学模型的校准格兰特河流域，西南威斯康星州。替代地貌条件进行了建模，并与原来的情况进行了比较。结果表明，渠道河漫滩梯田形态，山谷宽度，河流坡度和水力粗糙度的影响峰值流量，特别是对于中等规模（5至50年重现期）洪水。根据地貌条件，模拟之间的峰值流量变化高达49%。有效衰减的流域产生与总径流量密切相关的峰值流量。由于风暴强度和持续时间，衰减不大的流域产生的峰值流量表现出更大的变化。
Flood peak attenuation caused by storage of flood water on overbank surfaces effectively reduces the magnitude of peak discharges in some, but not all watersheds. Several geomorphic factors that affect the storage and conveyance of flood water were investigated to assess their quantitative influence on downstream peak discharges. The MIKE11 rainfall-runoff and hydrodynamic models were calibrated for the Grant River watershed, southwestern Wisconsin. Alternative geomorphic conditions were modeled and compared to the original case. Results indicate that channel-floodplain-terrace morphology, valley width, stream slope, and hydraulic roughness each influence peak discharges, especially for moderate magnitude (5- to 50-year recurrence interval) floods. Peak discharges varied by as much as 49% between simulations depending on geomorphic conditions. Watersheds that effectively attenuate produce peak discharges that are strongly correlated with total runoff. Watersheds that attenuate little produce peak discharges that exhibit greater variance due to storm intensity and duration.