A new experimental approach for the study of cardiopulmonary physiology during early development.
A new experimental approach for the study of cardiopulmonary physiology during early development.
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用于研究早期发育期间心肺生理学的新实验方法。
DOI：
10.1152/jappl.1988.65.3.1436
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发表时间：
1988
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Shaffer,TH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wolfson,MR;Tran,N;Bhutani,VK;Shaffer,TH
在这份报告中，一个实验方法和新设计的设备液体通气早产动物的描述。提供了该动物制剂心肺功能年龄相关变化的结果。研究了31只妊娠102-137天（足月147 +/- 3天）的羔羊。在局部麻醉下，对取出的胎儿的颈动脉、颈静脉和气管进行插管。剖宫产分娩后立即开始通气;通过机械辅助液体通气系统将温热（39 ℃）和充氧（PIO 2大于500 Torr）的液体氟碳化合物（RIMAR 101）输送至肺。在3小时的实验中，维持骨骼肌麻痹、低剂量外源性缓冲和热支持。评估肺气体交换、酸碱状态、心肺和代谢功能。通过利用这些技术，有效的动脉氧合，CO2消除，酸碱状态，和心血管稳定性的支持独立于胎龄。结果表明，随着胎龄的增加，特定的肺顺应性和平均动脉压的发育增加，心率和全身O2消耗量/kg的下降。这些研究结果表明，液体通气否定了有效的肺气体交换的依赖表面活性剂的发展，从而延长了未成熟的子宫外羔羊的生存能力的限制。因此，这种新的实验方法是有用的生理发育的研究在以前仅限于胎儿动物准备的年龄范围内，因此，可以提供有关早产儿适应子宫外环境的见解。
In this report, an experimental approach and newly designed apparatus for liquid ventilation of preterm animals are described. Findings of age-related changes in cardiopulmonary function of this animal preparation are presented. Thirty-one lambs, 102-137 days gestation (term 147 +/- 3 days), were studied. The carotid artery, jugular vein, and trachea of the exteriorized fetus were cannulated under local anesthesia. Immediately after cesarean section delivery, ventilation commenced; warmed (39 degrees C) and oxygenated (PIO2 greater than 500 Torr) liquid fluorocarbon (RIMAR 101) was delivered to the lung by a mechanically assisted liquid ventilation system. Skeletal muscle paralysis, low-dose exogenous buffering, and thermal support were maintained during the 3-h experiment. Pulmonary gas exchange, acid-base status, and cardiopulmonary and metabolic function were assessed. By utilizing these techniques, effective arterial oxygenation, CO2 elimination, acid-base status, and cardiovascular stability were supported independent of gestational age. The results demonstrate a developmental increase in specific lung compliance and mean arterial pressure and decrease in heart rate and systemic O2 consumption per kilogram with advancing gestational age. These findings demonstrate that liquid ventilation negates the dependency of effective pulmonary gas exchange on surfactant development, thereby extending the limits of viability of the immature extrauterine lamb. As such this new experimental approach is useful for the study of physiological development over an age range previously limited to fetal animal preparations and, therefore, may provide insight regarding adaptation of the premature to the extrauterine environment.