Subthreshold depression: Characteristics and risk factors among vulnerable elders
Subthreshold depression: Characteristics and risk factors among vulnerable elders
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DOI：
10.1080/13607860902774501
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Moon, Heehyul
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adams, Kathryn Betts;Moon, Heehyul
目的：本研究探讨了阈下抑郁症的症状在老年人聚集的住房，与他们的非抑郁的同龄人相比，并测试阈下抑郁症的概念模型。这些假设包括，阈下抑郁症的特征和特点是低能量，社会退缩和耗尽，而不是悲伤，阈下抑郁的老年人将被区分为健康状况较差，功能，孤独和悲伤最近的损失。方法：一个自我管理的调查，其次是通过电话诊断采访（N = 166）白色和非洲裔美国居民的独立和辅助生活公寓从六个退休社区，平均年龄82.9岁。迷你国际神经精神访谈（MINI）确定抑郁状态。30项老年抑郁量表用于测量症状。结果：46人（27.7%）被确定为阈下抑郁，7人患有抑郁症，113人为非抑郁症。阈下抑郁症的特征是低能量、主动性困难、对未来的担忧、缺乏积极情感、悲伤和易怒。消极情感症状，如悲伤和易怒，最能区分阈下组和非抑郁组。该样本中阈下抑郁症的风险因素包括教育程度低，社会经济地位低，非洲裔美国人种族，悲伤和社交孤独。结论：阈下抑郁症在这组居民的集合住房是类似的消耗所经历的许多nondepressed老人，但进一步的特点是负面影响和缺乏对未来的希望。社会因素，如社会经济地位和个人损失，比健康和功能更容易导致阈下抑郁症。
Objectives: This study examines symptoms of subthreshold depression among older adults in congregate housing, compared with their nondepressed peers, and tests a conceptual model of subthreshold depression. Hypotheses included that subthreshold depression would be characterized and distinguished by low energy, social withdrawal, and depletion, rather than sadness, and that subthreshold depressed elders would be distinguished by poorer health and functioning, loneliness, and grieving a recent loss. Method: A self-administered survey was followed by a diagnostic interview by telephone to (N = 166) white and African-American residents of independent and assisted living apartments from six retirement communities, average age 82.9 years. The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) determined depression status. The 30-item Geriatric Depression Scale was used to measure symptoms. Results: Forty-six individuals (27.7%) were identified as subthreshold depressed, seven as suffering from major depression, and 113 as non-depressed. Subthreshold depression was characterized by low energy, difficulty with initiative, worries about the future, lack of positive affect, sadness and irritability. Negative affect symptoms such as sadness and irritability best discriminated the subthreshold group from the nondepressed. Risk factors for subthreshold depression in this sample included less education, lower socio-economic status, African-American race, grieving, and social loneliness. Conclusion: Subthreshold depression in this group of residents of congregate housing was similar to the depletion experienced by many nondepressed elders, but further characterized by negative affect and lack of hope for the future. Social factors, such as socioeconomic status and personal losses, constituted greater risks for subthreshold depression than did health and functioning.