Mechanisms for the environmental regulation of gene expression: Ecological aspects of animal development
Mechanisms for the environmental regulation of gene expression: Ecological aspects of animal development
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DOI：
10.1007/bf02705151
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发表时间：
2005-02-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Gilbert, SF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gilbert, SF
环境可以在表型的产生中发挥重要作用。然而，环境因子影响正常发育的发育机制才刚刚被人们所了解。至少有三种途径被发现，通过这些途径环境可以改变基因的活性。第一种是神经内分泌途径。在这里，神经系统监测环境并将信号传递给内分泌系统。然后，内分泌激素可以改变基因表达。第二种途径涉及改变基因甲基化模式的环境因素，从而改变其转录能力。第三种途径是通过微生物共生体直接诱导宿主的基因表达。环境对表型产生的正常调节应被视为发育和发育生物学的正常组成部分。
The environment can play a significant role in the production of phenotypes. However, the developmental mechanisms by which the environmental agents effect normal development are Just becoming known. At least three paths have been found through which the environment can modify gene activity. The first is the neuroendocrine route. Here, the nervous system monitors the environment and transfers signals to the endocrine system. The endocrine hormones can then alter gene expression. The second route involves environmental factors that change the methylation pattern of genes, thereby altering their transcriptional capabilities. The third route involves the direct induction of gene expression in the host by microbial symbionts. The normal regulation of phenotype production by the environment should be considered a normal component of development and developmental biology.