Human laughter, social play, and play vocalizations of non-human primates: an evolutionary approach
Human laughter, social play, and play vocalizations of non-human primates: an evolutionary approach
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人类的笑声、社交游戏和非人类灵长类动物的游戏发声：一种进化方法
DOI：
10.1163/1568539053627640
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
D. Todt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Julia Vettin;D. Todt
据推测，人类笑的进化起源在于非人类灵长类动物的面部游戏信号。最近关于人类笑的研究强调了这种非语言行为中声音成分的重要性。本研究分析了巴巴里猕猴和黑猩猩在挠痒过程中发出的游戏声音和人类的笑声的发生情况及一些声学参数，如间隔时间和基本频率。游戏发声最常发生在与身体亲密接触的游戏中，如摔跤和挠痒痒。在巴巴里猕猴和黑猩猩中，它们是连续组织的，并且它们的声学参数在回合内具有很高的变异性。这些都是人类笑声的特征，对于决定一个给定的话语是否会被归类为人类的笑声至关重要。除了种群内变异外，三个物种的个体内变异与个体间变异一样高或更高。巴巴里猕猴和黑猩猩在挠痒痒时发出的声音和人类的笑声的间隔时间也在类似的范围内。这些结果为人类笑声是从非人类灵长类动物的游戏信号进化而来的假设提供了进一步的证据，并提出了关于面部和声音游戏信号在人类笑声进化中的重要性及其关系的问题。
It has been hypothesized that the evolutionary origin of human laughter lies in the facial play signals of non-human primates. Recent studies dealing with human laughter have stressed the importance of the acoustic component of this nonverbal behaviour. In this study, we analysed the occurrence and some acoustic parameters, such as interval durations and fundamental frequency, of Barbary macaque and chimpanzee play vocalizations and human laughter during tickling. Play vocalizations occurred most often during play with close bodily contact, i.e. wrestling and tickling. In both Barbary macaques and chimpanzees, they were serially organized and had a high intra-bout variability in their acoustic parameters. These are characteristic features of human laughter which are crucial for deciding whether a given utterance will be classified as laughter in humans. Besides intra-bout variability, there was substantial intraindividual variability which was as high or higher than the interindividual variability in all three species. Interval durations of Barbary macaque and chimpanzee play vocalizations and human laughter during tickling lay in a similar range. These results provide further evidence for the hypothesis that human laughter evolved from a play signal of non-human primates and raise questions about the importance of and the relationship between facial and vocal play signals in the evolution of human laughter.