Role of ventilation, air filtration, and allergen production rate in determining concentrations of rat allergens in the air of animal quarters.
Role of ventilation, air filtration, and allergen production rate in determining concentrations of rat allergens in the air of animal quarters.
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通风、空气过滤和过敏原产生率在确定动物宿舍空气中大鼠过敏原浓度中的作用。
DOI：
10.1164/ajrccm/141.6.1578
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发表时间：
1990
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Reed,CE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Swanson,MC;Campbell,AR;O'Hollaren,MT;Reed,CE
室内空气中任何物质的浓度都是由其产生和去除速率之比决定的。因此，高浓度可由高产量、低去除率或两者的组合产生。空气过滤可以补充通风，从空气中去除过敏原。如果知道生产、通风和过滤的贡献，那么在任何特定地点控制空气变应原暴露将更加合理和有效。用免疫组化法测定大鼠尿蛋白过敏原的产生率。个体大鼠和大鼠动物区空气中过敏原的浓度，其中通风速率为每小时约15次变化。我们推出了两种不同的高效过滤系统，每小时最多可换气127次。雄性大鼠每分钟排出约20 ng的过敏原。由于这种高生产率，饲养大量动物的房间的大幅减少需要非常高的空气交换率，这是用层流小型动物隔离架实现的。测量的浓度与质量平衡方程计算的浓度一致，该方程的术语包括房间中的动物数量、个体动物的生产率以及通风和过滤速率。我们认为，这种同时考虑产生率和去除率的原则不仅适用于设计降低鼠房中鼠过敏原水平的方法，而且通常也适用于其他室内过敏原。AM修订版DIS 1990; 141：1578-1581
Concentration of any substance in the air of a room is determined by the ratio between the rates of its production and removal. Thus, high concentrations can result from high production, low removal, or a combination of the two. Air filtration can supplement ventilation in removing atlergens from the air. Control of aeroallergen exposure at any particular location would be more rational and effective if the contribution of production, ventilation, and filtration were known. Using lrnmunochemical assays for rat urinary protein allergen, we measured the rate of production by in. dividual rats and the concentration of allergens in the air of rat animal quarters where the ventilation rate was about 15 changes per hour. We introduced two different high-efficiency filtration systems that provided additional clean air changes up to a maximum of 127 changes per hour. Male rats shed about 20 ng/min of allergen. Because of this high rate of production, substantial reduction in rooms that housed large numbers of animals required the very high air-exchange rates that were achieved with laminar flow small animal isolator racks. Measured concentrations agreed well with concentrations calculated from a mass balance equation whose terms included numbers of animals in the room, production rate by individual animals, and rates of ventilation and filtration. Wesuggest that this principle of considering both production and removal rates applies not only to devising means of reducing levels of rat allergens in rat rooms, but generally to other indoor allergens as well. AM REV RESPIR DIS 1990; 141: 1578-1581