Omega-6 fatty acids and inflammation
Omega-6 fatty acids and inflammation
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DOI：
10.1016/j.plefa.2018.03.004
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发表时间：
2018-05-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Calder, Philip C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Innes, Jacqueline K.;Calder, Philip C.
炎症是一个正常的过程，是宿主防御和组织愈合的一部分。然而，过度或未解决的炎症可导致不受控制的组织损伤、病理和疾病。在西方饮食的人类中，omega-6多不饱和脂肪酸花生四烯酸（ARA）对存在于参与炎症的细胞膜磷脂中的脂肪酸有重要贡献。ARA是许多强效促炎介质的前体，包括前列腺素和白三烯，这导致了针对ARA途径成功控制炎症的抗炎药物的发展。因此，人们普遍认为，增加ω -6脂肪酸ARA或其前体亚油酸（LA）的饮食摄入会增加炎症。然而，对健康成人的研究发现，ARA或LA摄入量的增加并不会增加许多炎症标志物的浓度。流行病学研究甚至表明ARA和LA可能与减少炎症有关。相反，也有证据表明，高omega-6脂肪酸的饮食会抑制omega-3脂肪酸的抗炎和消炎作用。因此，ω -3和ω -6脂肪酸及其脂质介质在炎症背景下的相互作用是复杂的，仍然没有得到正确的理解。
Inflammation is a normal process that is part of host defence and tissue healing. However, excessive or unresolved inflammation can lead to uncontrolled tissue damage, pathology and disease. In humans on a Western diet, the omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid arachidonic acid (ARA) makes a significant contribution to the fatty acids present in the membrane phospholipids of cells involved in inflammation. ARA is a precursor to a number of potent pro-inflammatory mediators including well described prostaglandins and leukotrienes, which has led to the development of anti-inflammatory pharmaceuticals that target the ARA pathway to successfully control inflammation. Hence, it is commonly believed that increasing dietary intake of the omega-6 fatty acids ARA or its precursor linoleic acid (LA) will increase inflammation. However, studies in healthy human adults have found that increased intake of ARA or LA does not increase the concentrations of many inflammatory markers. Epidemiological studies have even suggested that ARA and LA may be linked to reduced inflammation. Contrastingly, there is also evidence that a high omega-6 fatty acid diet inhibits the anti-inflammatory and inflammation-resolving effect of the omega-3 fatty acids. Thus, the interaction of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids and their lipid mediators in the context of inflammation is complex and still not properly understood.