Slurry covers to reduce ammonia emission and odour nuisance
Slurry covers to reduce ammonia emission and odour nuisance
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DOI：
10.1006/jaer.1998.0402
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发表时间：
1999-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wanka, U
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hörnig, G;Türk, M;Wanka, U
覆盖液体粪肥储存设施造成额外费用。此外，在大型泥浆泻湖上建造刚性覆盖物，如帐篷屋顶，费用高得令人望而却步。因此，减排效果和浮动行为的低成本覆盖进行了研究。这种替代覆盖材料是颗粒、切碎的稻草和菜籽油。农场研究用于确定大型泥浆储存设施中液体粪肥表面的排放量。实验室测试在651规模的透明有机玻璃容器中进行。在储存期间和均质化后，观察了盖的漂浮行为和浆料的沉降。氨的排放也在这里进行了测量，并进行了气味测量和化学分析取样。覆盖材料显示出非常不同的行为。颗粒在均质化后几小时内形成封闭的覆盖物，而菜籽油仅在几天内上升到表面。切碎的稻草制成一个固体漂浮层，用泥浆渗透。实验室规模和农场研究用颗粒和稻草作为覆盖物减少了大约83- 91%的气味排放。氨排放量减少约80- 91%。6 mm菜油层的减排量为85%，与其他覆盖物相似，但3 mm的油层显示出不足的效果。(C)1999年，Silsoe研究所。
Covering of liquid manure storage facilities causes additional costs. Furthermore, the building of rigid covers such as tent roofs over large slurry lagoons is prohibitively expensive. Therefore, emission reducing effects and floating behaviour of low-cost covers were investigated. Such alternative cover materials are granules, chopped straw and rape oil.Tests took place both in the laboratory and in the field. On-farm studies served to determine emissions from liquid manure surfaces in large slurry storage facilities. Laboratory tests were carried out in transparent Perspex containers on a 651 scale. The floating behaviour of the covers and the sedimentation of slurry during storage and after homogenization were observed. The ammonia emission was also measured here and sampling for odour measurements and chemical analysis was carried out.Cover materials showed very different behaviour. The granules made a closed cover within a few hours after homogenization, while rape oil rose to the surface only during a period of several days. Chopped straw made a solid floating layer infiltrated with slurry.Laboratory scale and on-farm studies with granules and straw as covers reduced odour emission by about 83-91%. Ammonia emission decreased by about 80-91%. The emission reduction of 85% for a 6 mm rape oil layer was similar to the other covers, but the 3 mm oil layer showed an insufficient effect. (C) 1999 Silsoe Research Institute.