Exploring the Impacts of Two Separate Mixtures of Pesticide and Surfactants on Estrogenic Activity in Male Fathead Minnows and Rainbow Trout
Exploring the Impacts of Two Separate Mixtures of Pesticide and Surfactants on Estrogenic Activity in Male Fathead Minnows and Rainbow Trout
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DOI：
10.1007/s00244-014-0098-3
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发表时间：
2015-02
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
J. Crago;K. Tran;A. Budicin;B. Schreiber;Ramon Lavado;Daniel Schlenk
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Crago;K. Tran;A. Budicin;B. Schreiber;Ramon Lavado;Daniel Schlenk
在这项研究中，雄性黑头呆鱼（FHM）（Pimephales promelas）和青少年虹鳟鱼（RT;Oncorhynchus mykiss）暴露于两种不同的表面活性剂混合物的分析级壬基酚，4-叔辛基酚，辛基酚乙氧基化物，壬基酚乙氧基化物，和除草剂2，4-二氯苯氧乙酸（2，4-D）。经过7天的暴露于环境相关浓度的这些化合物，有没有差异的相对mRNA表达的卵黄蛋白原（VTG）在男性青少年RT暴露于个别化合物或2，4-D-表面活性剂的混合物与对照组相比。在男性FHM中，与对照组相比，在2，4-D和表面活性剂的高单独处理中，VTG mRNA表达显着增加，但在2，4-D-表面活性剂混合物中则没有增加。将这些结果与另一项研究进行了比较，该研究将雄性FHM暴露于单独的烷基酚和烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚的混合物中，这些烷基酚和烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚以两种不同的组合与除草剂敌草隆和杀虫剂联苯菊酯接触。VTG mRNA的相对表达量在个体暴露组和对照组之间无差异。有趣的是，当乙氧基化物混合物与敌草隆组合时，与对照相比，VTG的相对mRNA表达显著降低。然而，当乙氧基化物混合物与敌草隆和联苯菊酯相结合时，与多化学混合物中的所有其他组相比，雄性中VTG的相对mRNA表达量显著增加。本研究的结果突出了物种之间的差异和测量VTG在评估风险的混合物对水生生物。
In this study, male fathead minnows (FHM) (Pimephales promelas) and juvenile rainbow trout (RT;Oncorhynchus mykiss) were exposed to two different surfactant mixtures of analytical-grade nonlyphenol, 4-tert octyphenol, octylphenol ethoxylates, nonylphenol ethoxylates, and the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). After a 7-days exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of these compounds, there was no difference in the relative mRNA expression of vitellogenin (VTG) in male juvenile RT exposed to individual compounds or the 2,4-D-surfactant mixture compared with the control. In male FHM, there was a significant increase in VTG mRNA expression in the high individual treatments of 2,4-D and the surfactants but not the 2,4-D-surfactant mixtures compared with the control. These results were compared with another study exposing male FHM to individual and a mixture of alkylphenols and alkylphenol ethoxylates in two different combinations with the herbicide diuron and the insecticide bifenthrin. There were no differences in the relative expression of VTG mRNA amongst individual exposures and the control. Interestingly, when the ethoxylate mixture was combined with diuron, there was a significant decrease in the relative mRNA expression of VTG compared with the control. However, when the ethoxylate mixture was combined with both diuron and bifenthrin, there was a significant increase in the relative mRNA expression of VTG in male compared with all other groups in the multichemical mixture. The results of this study highlight differences between species and measurements of VTG in assessing the risk of mixtures to aquatic organisms.