Spatial distribution of heavy metals in Hong Kong's marine sediments and their human impacts: a GIS-based chemometric approach.
Spatial distribution of heavy metals in Hong Kong's marine sediments and their human impacts: a GIS-based chemometric approach.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.marpolbul.2007.05.017
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发表时间：
2007-09
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
F. Zhou;Huaicheng Guo;Zejia Hao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
F. Zhou;Huaicheng Guo;Zejia Hao
基于地理信息系统（GIS）的化学计量学方法研究了海洋沉积物中重金属的空间分布格局，并在全球和局部尺度上识别了人类活动对海洋沉积物的空间影响。12种金属（Zn、V、Ni、Mn、Pb、Cu、Cd、Ba、Hg、Fe、Cr和Al）于1998年至2004年在香港的59个地点每年进行两次调查。聚类分析将整个沿海地区在全球范围内划分为三个区域，代表不同的污染程度。逆向判别分析结果表明，Zn、Pb、Cu、Cd、V和Fe是影响区域尺度空间变化的重要变量，正确率为84.5%。富集因子表明，Cu、Cr、Zn来源于人为影响，Al、Ba、Mn、V、Fe来源于岩石风化作用。主成分分析进一步细分了每个区域的人为影响及其影响区域，分别解释了总方差的87%、84%和87%。这三个地区的主要人为污染源是(i)防污涂料和生活污水；（ii）地表径流、废水、车辆排放和海洋运输；（iii）船舶重漆、牙科诊所、电子/化学工业和含铅燃料。此外，基于gis的空间分析为化学计量学方法提供了便利。
A geographic information system (GIS)-based chemometric approach was applied to investigate the spatial distribution patterns of heavy metals in marine sediments and to identify spatial human impacts on global and local scales. Twelve metals (Zn, V, Ni, Mn, Pb, Cu, Cd, Ba, Hg, Fe, Cr and Al) were surveyed twice annually at 59 sites in Hong Kong from 1998 to 2004. Cluster analysis classified the entire coastal area into three areas on a global scale, representing different pollution levels. Backward discriminant analysis, with 84.5% correct assignments, identified Zn, Pb, Cu, Cd, V, and Fe as significant variables affecting spatial variation on a local scale. Enrichment factors indicated that Cu, Cr, and Zn were derived from human impacts while Al, Ba, Mn, V and Fe originated from rock weathering. Principal component analysis further subdivided human impacts and their affected areas in each area, explaining 87%, 84% and 87% of the total variances, respectively. The primary anthropogenic sources in the three areas were (i) anti-fouling paint and domestic sewage; (ii) surface runoff, wastewater, vehicle emissions and marine transportation; and (iii) ship repainting, dental clinics, electronic/chemical industries and leaded fuel, respectively. Moreover, GIS-based spatial analysis facilitated chemometric methods.