Predaceous Toxorhynchites mosquitoes require a living gut microbiota to develop
Predaceous Toxorhynchites mosquitoes require a living gut microbiota to develop
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2019.2705
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发表时间：
2020-01-29
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Strand, Michael R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Coon, Kerri L.;Valzania, Luca;Strand, Michael R.
大多数蚊子都是食碎屑动物，以水生环境中腐烂的植物和动物材料为食。对几种食性蚊子的研究表明，它们拥有相对较低多样性的微生物群落，这些微生物是在进食时从环境中获得的。我们最近的研究结果还表明，食碎屑物种通常需要活的肠道微生物群才能生长到第一龄之后。不太为人所知的是，一些蚊子，包括属于弓形蚊属的蚊子，是捕食者，以其他种类的蚊子和游动猎物为食。在这项研究中，我们询问捕食性安氏弓嘴虫幼虫是否仍然需要肠道中的活微生物才能发育。使用食碎屑的埃及伊蚊作为猎物，我们发现安布尼蚊幼虫体内的细菌群落与其猎物高度相似。功能分析表明，T. amboinensis 第一龄提供的无菌（即无细菌）猎物未能发育，而存在于知生（即被一种或多种已知细菌物种定植）猎物中的两种细菌成功地定植于 T. amboinensis 肠道并挽救了发育。无菌的 T. amboinensis 幼虫也表现出生长缺陷，这与之前确定的埃及伊蚊营养获取和同化中微生物介导的肠道缺氧的作用一致。总的来说，这些结果支持肠道微生物在调节不同喂养策略的蚊子发育中发挥保守作用。
Most species of mosquitoes are detritivores that feed on decaying plant and animal materials in their aquatic environment. Studies of several detritivorous mosquito species indicate that they host relatively low diversity communities of microbes that are acquired from the environment while feeding. Our recent results also indicate that detritivorous species normally require a living gut microbiota to grow beyond the first instar. Less well known is that some mosquitoes, including those belonging to the genus Toxorhynchites, are predators that feed on other species of mosquitoes and nektonic prey. In this study, we asked whether predaceous Toxorhynchites amboinensis larvae still require living microbes in their gut in order to develop. Using the detritivorous mosquito Aedes aegypti as prey, we found that T. amboinensis larvae harbour bacterial communities that are highly similar to that of their prey. Functional assays showed that T. amboinensis first instars provided axenic (i.e. bacteria-free) prey failed to develop, while two bacterial species present in gnotobiotic (i.e. colonized by one or more known bacterial species) prey successfully colonized the T. amboinensis gut and rescued development. Axenic T. amboinensis larvae also displayed defects in growth consistent with previously identified roles for microbe-mediated gut hypoxia in nutrient acquisition and assimilation in A. aegypti. Collectively, these results support a conserved role for gut microbes in regulating the development of mosquitoes with different feeding strategies.