THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF TRACHOMA IN CENTRAL TANZANIA
THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF TRACHOMA IN CENTRAL TANZANIA
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DOI：
10.1093/ije/20.4.1088
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发表时间：
1991-12-01
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
TAYLOR, HR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
WEST, SK;MUNOZ, B;TAYLOR, HR
沙眼是世界范围内导致失明的主要传染病，需要关于高流行地区活动性和残留疾病的流行病学特征的数据。 本研究描述了坦桑尼亚中部沙眼的流行病学特征。 活动性炎症性疾病在学龄前儿童中达到高峰，60%的儿童表现出沙眼的迹象。 既往感染、瘢痕、倒睫和角膜混浊的证据随年龄增长而增加。 在这一人群中，8%的55岁以上的人有倒睫/睑内翻。 所有年龄段的女性都比男性有更多的沙眼，在女性中观察到倒睫的风险增加了四倍。 照顾孩子的妇女似乎比不照顾孩子的妇女有更多的活动性疾病。 我们发现了沙眼在村庄之间、村庄内部和邻里之间聚集的明显证据，即使考虑到与水源的距离、当地宗教和面部不洁儿童比例的差异，聚集现象仍然存在。 这些发现对沙眼控制策略具有重要意义。
Trachoma is the leading infectious cause of blindness worldwide and data are needed on the epidemiological characteristics of active and residual disease in hyperendemic areas. This study describes the epidemiological characteristics of trachoma in Central Tanzania. Active, inflammatory disease peaks in pre-school children, with 60% showing signs of trachoma. Evidence of past infection, scarring, trichiasis, and corneal opacity, rose with age. In this population, 8% of those over age 55 had trichiasis/entropion. Females of all ages had more trachoma than males, with a fourfold increased risk of trichiasis observed in females. Women who were taking care of children appeared to have more active disease than non-caretakers. Clear evidence of clustering of trachoma by village, and within village, by neighbourhood was found. Clustering persisted even after accounting for differences in distance to water, local religion, and proportion of children with unclean faces. These findings have important implications for a trachoma control strategy.