A "Wear and Tear" Hypothesis to Explain Sudden Infant Death Syndrome.
A "Wear and Tear" Hypothesis to Explain Sudden Infant Death Syndrome.
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DOI：
10.3389/fneur.2016.00180
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Elhaik E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Elhaik E
婴儿猝死综合征（SIDS）是美国1岁以下婴儿死亡的主要原因，每年约有2，700人死亡。虽然正式的小岛屿发展中国家可以追溯到至少2,000年前，甚至在希伯来圣经中提到（国王3：19），但其病因仍然无法解释，促使疾病预防控制中心在2010年启动了一个婴儿意外死亡病例登记。由于他们的完全依赖性，婴儿的能力，以适应性调节压力和压力反应的遗传和环境因素的形状是严重限制。我们认为SIDS是开始于子宫内的累积性疼痛、压力或创伤性暴露的结果，并对与异位平衡不相容的新生儿调节系统征税。我们还确定了几个假定的生化机制参与小岛屿发展中国家。我们认为，小岛屿发展中国家的重要特征，即男性占主导地位（60：40），显着不同的小岛屿发展中国家的美国西班牙裔（低80%）相比，白人，50%的情况下发生在出生后7.6和17.6周后，只有10%的24.7周，和季节性变化，大多数情况下发生在冬季，都与常见的环境压力，如新生儿包皮环切术和季节性疾病。我们预测新生儿包皮环切术与疼痛敏感性和心率变异性降低有关，这增加了SIDS的风险。我们还预测，新生儿男性包皮环切术将占小岛屿发展中国家的性别偏见和实践高男性包皮环切率的群体，如美国白人，将有较高的小岛屿发展中国家的比例相比，包皮环切率较低的群体。在医疗补助覆盖包皮环切术的美国各州，小岛屿发展中国家的发病率也会更高，而在不进行新生儿包皮环切术和/或负担不起包皮环切术的人群中，小岛屿发展中国家的发病率会更低。我们最后预测，与经历较少伤害性暴露的婴儿相比，冬季出生的早产儿接受包皮环切术将有更高的SIDS风险。所有这些预测都可以使用动物模型或人类队列研究进行实验测试。我们的假设为SIDS的新风险因素提供了新的见解，可以通过修改当前的婴儿护理实践来减少伤害性暴露来降低其风险。
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is the leading cause of death among USA infants under 1 year of age accounting for ~2,700 deaths per year. Although formally SIDS dates back at least 2,000 years and was even mentioned in the Hebrew Bible (Kings 3:19), its etiology remains unexplained prompting the CDC to initiate a sudden unexpected infant death case registry in 2010. Due to their total dependence, the ability of the infant to allostatically regulate stressors and stress responses shaped by genetic and environmental factors is severely constrained. We propose that SIDS is the result of cumulative painful, stressful, or traumatic exposures that begin in utero and tax neonatal regulatory systems incompatible with allostasis. We also identify several putative biochemical mechanisms involved in SIDS. We argue that the important characteristics of SIDS, namely male predominance (60:40), the significantly different SIDS rate among USA Hispanics (80% lower) compared to whites, 50% of cases occurring between 7.6 and 17.6 weeks after birth with only 10% after 24.7 weeks, and seasonal variation with most cases occurring during winter, are all associated with common environmental stressors, such as neonatal circumcision and seasonal illnesses. We predict that neonatal circumcision is associated with hypersensitivity to pain and decreased heart rate variability, which increase the risk for SIDS. We also predict that neonatal male circumcision will account for the SIDS gender bias and that groups that practice high male circumcision rates, such as USA whites, will have higher SIDS rates compared to groups with lower circumcision rates. SIDS rates will also be higher in USA states where Medicaid covers circumcision and lower among people that do not practice neonatal circumcision and/or cannot afford to pay for circumcision. We last predict that winter-born premature infants who are circumcised will be at higher risk of SIDS compared to infants who experienced fewer nociceptive exposures. All these predictions are testable experimentally using animal models or cohort studies in humans. Our hypothesis provides new insights into novel risk factors for SIDS that can reduce its risk by modifying current infant care practices to reduce nociceptive exposures.
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影响因子：
1.4
作者：
Darby, Robert
通讯作者：
Darby, Robert
DOI：
10.1111/j.1440-1754.1995.tb00785.x
发表时间：
1995-06-01
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
BYARD, RW;BEAL, SM
通讯作者：
BEAL, SM
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Bisogni S;Dini C;Olivini N;Ciofi D;Giusti F;Caprilli S;Gonzalez Lopez JR;Festini F
通讯作者：
Festini F
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Arnestad, M;Andersen, M;Rognum, TO
通讯作者：
Rognum, TO
影响因子：
11.2
作者：
Brummelte, Susanne;Grunau, Ruth E.;Miller, Steven P.
通讯作者：
Miller, Steven P.