Abundance, distribution, and territory areas of rock-dwelling Lake Tanganyika cichlid fish species
Abundance, distribution, and territory areas of rock-dwelling Lake Tanganyika cichlid fish species
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DOI：
10.1007/s10750-008-9557-z
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发表时间：
2008-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Koblmueller, Stephan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sturmbauer, Christian;Fuchs, Corinna;Koblmueller, Stephan
坦噶尼喀湖是世界上第二古老、第二深的湖泊，拥有令人印象深刻的慈鲷动物群，约有 250 种特有物种，其特点是生态、形态和行为高度专业化。这项研究描述并比较了坦噶尼喀湖南部两个岩石海岸的慈鲷鱼群落以及人类对坦噶尼喀湖南部的不同影响。详细阐述了物种清单和深度相关的丰度。两个研究地点分别记录了约 41 种和 46 种同域慈鲷。 Variabilichromis moorii 是最丰富的物种（占鱼类总数的 29-60%），其次是 Aulonocranus dewindti（3-19%）、Tropheus moorii（12%）、Olookingmotilapia ventralis（4-10%）、Eretmodusyanostictus（6-11%）和 Cyathopharynxfurcifer（0.01-9%）。所有其他物种的丰度均低于 5%。进一步发现，大型慈鲷如 Petrochromis 种、Cyathopharynx Furcifer 和 Lobochilotes labiatus 在某一地点非常罕见，频率为 0.55% 或更低。通过行为观察评估了三种特别丰富的物种：Variabilichromis moorii、Aulonocranus dewindti 和 Tropheus moorii 的领土大小。我们区分了领土核心区域和总防御区域，得出平均核心区域在 0.4 (V. moorii) 和 1.6 m(2) (T. moorii) 之间，每个物种的总防御区域平均在 1.6 (V. moorii) 和 5.0 m(2) (A. dewindti) 之间，两个研究地点之间没有显着差异。个体密度的数据也与进化研究相关，因为它们可以更准确地计算有效种群规模。
Lake Tanganyika, the second-oldest and second-deepest lake in the world, harbors an impressive cichlid fish fauna counting about 250 endemic species that are characterized by a great level of ecological, morphological, and behavioral specialization. This study describes and compares cichlid fish communities at two rocky shores with differential human impact in the south of Lake Tanganyika. Species inventories and depth-dependent abundances were elaborated. About 41 and 46 sympatric cichlid species were recorded in the two study sites, respectively. Variabilichromis moorii was the most abundant species (29-60% of total number of fishes), followed by Aulonocranus dewindti (3-19%), Tropheus moorii (12%), Ophthalmotilapia ventralis (4-10%), Eretmodus cyanostictus (6-11%), and Cyathopharynx furcifer (0.01-9%). All other species had abundances below 5%. It further emerged that large cichlids such as Petrochromis species, Cyathopharynx furcifer, and Lobochilotes labiatus were very rare at one location, with frequencies of 0.55% or less. Territorial sizes of three particularly abundant species, Variabilichromis moorii, Aulonocranus dewindti, and Tropheus moorii, were assessed by behavioral observations. We distinguished between territorial core areas and total defended area, yielding average core areas between 0.4 (V. moorii) and 1.6 m(2) (T. moorii), and total defended areas averaging for each species between 1.6 (V. moorii) and 5.0 m(2) (A. dewindti) with no significant differences between the two study sites. The data on individual densities are also relevant for evolutionary studies, in that they allow more accurate calculations of effective population sizes.