Maneuvering towards adaptive co-management in a coral reef fishery
Maneuvering towards adaptive co-management in a coral reef fishery
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.marpol.2018.09.016
复制
发表时间：
2018-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Rassweiler, Andrew
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hunter, Chelsea E.;Lauer, Matthew;Rassweiler, Andrew
随着海洋温度上升和当地人为压力源的增加，太平洋地区的热带珊瑚礁生态系统正在迅速退化。在快速变化的背景下，对珊瑚礁渔业进行有效的现场管理需要灵活的环境治理，这种治理必须密切满足依赖渔业获得收入、食物和文化特征的多个利益相关者的需求。因此，许多从业者和学者呼吁对珊瑚礁渔业进行适应性共同管理，在跨组织规模运作的灵活机构的支持下，当地资源使用者在环境治理中发挥主要作用。本文介绍了法属波利尼西亚莫雷阿岛海洋治理的历史并评估了现状。该管理框架成立于2004年，目前正在修订中，因为它未能实现其生态目标，并引起了许多利益相关者的不满。根据住户调查、访谈和档案信息，详细介绍了当前治理安排向共同管理更成功过渡所面临的挑战以及可能实现的因素。有人认为，最近的社会动员、与渔业的生存和文化联系、地理和社会相关传统治理边界的存在以及法属波利尼西亚其他地区实施共同管理都是积极因素。然而，利益相关者之间缺乏信任、社会异质性、传统文化机构和实践受到破坏、机构支持最少以及法律框架不确定，这表明莫雷阿岛成功的共同管理面临着巨大的阻力。
Tropical coral reef ecosystems in the Pacific region are degrading rapidly as ocean temperatures rise and local anthropogenic stressors increase. In this context of rapid change, effective site-based management of coral reef fisheries necessitates flexible environmental governance that is closely attuned to the needs of multiple stakeholders who depend on the fishery for income, food, and cultural identity. As such, many practitioners and scholars call for adaptive co-management of coral reef fisheries where local resource users play a primary role in environmental governance with the support of flexible institutions that operate across organizational scales. This article describes the history and evaluates the current status of marine governance in Moorea, French Polynesia. Established in 2004, the management framework is under revision because it has failed to meet its ecological objectives and has generated discontent among many stakeholders. Drawing on household surveys, interviews, and archival information, the challenges to as well as the factors that may enable a more successful transition of the current governance arrangement towards co-management are detailed. It is argued that recent social mobilization, subsistence and cultural links to the fishery, the presence of geographically and socially relevant traditional governance boundaries, and the implementation of co-management in other parts of French Polynesia are positive factors. However, lack of trust between stakeholders, social heterogeneity, disruption of traditional cultural institutions and practices, minimal institutional support, and an uncertain legal framework suggest that there are significant headwinds for maneuvering towards successful co-management in Moorea.