Socioeconomic and country variations in knowledge of health risks of tobacco smoking and toxic constituents of smoke: results from the 2002 International Tobacco Control (ITC) Four Country Survey
Socioeconomic and country variations in knowledge of health risks of tobacco smoking and toxic constituents of smoke: results from the 2002 International Tobacco Control (ITC) Four Country Survey
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DOI：
10.1136/tc.2005.013276
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发表时间：
2006-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Fong, G. T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Siahpush, M.;McNeill, A.;Fong, G. T.
背景资料：社会经济地位与吸烟流行率密切相关，社会阶层差异在很大程度上导致了死亡率方面的社会不平等。这项研究调查了社会经济和国家的差异，吸烟者的知识，吸烟会导致心脏病，中风，阳痿和肺癌，烟雾含有氰化物，汞，砷和一氧化碳，以及尼古丁是否会导致大多数cancer.Methods：数据来自国际烟草控制（ITC）四国调查，队列调查超过9000名成年吸烟者来自四个国家：美国、加拿大、英国和澳大利亚。结果：受教育程度高、收入高的人群知晓率高。例如，高收入受访者知道吸烟导致心脏病、中风和肺癌的几率分别比低收入受访者高71%、34%和83%。大学学历的受访者知道烟雾中含有氰化物、汞、砷和一氧化碳的几率分别比高中文凭或更低教育水平的受访者高66%、26%、44%和108%。结果还显示，吸烟的危害的认识一般是最高的在加拿大和最低的在UK.Conclusions：较低的社会经济地位与较低的认识吸烟的危害和周围的尼古丁的误解。有必要提高弱势群体对吸烟危害的认识。
Background: Socioeconomic status is strongly associated with smoking prevalence and social class differences contribute substantially to social inequalities in mortality. This research investigated socioeconomic and country variations in smokers' knowledge that smoking causes heart disease, stroke, impotence and lung cancer, that smoke contains cyanide, mercury, arsenic and carbon monoxide, and whether nicotine causes most of the cancer.Methods: Data were from the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Four Country Survey, a cohort survey of over 9000 adult smokers from four countries: the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, and Australia. Data were collected via telephone interviews in 2002.Results: Higher education and income were associated with higher awareness. For example, the odds of knowing that smoking causes heart disease, stroke and lung cancer were respectively 71%, 34% and 83% larger for respondents with high versus low income. The odds of knowing that smoke contains cyanide, mercury, arsenic and carbon monoxide were respectively 66%, 26%, 44% and 108% larger for respondents with a university degree than those with a high school diploma or lower level of education. Results also revealed that awareness of harms of smoking was generally the highest in Canada and the lowest in the UK.Conclusions: Lower socioeconomic status was associated with lower awareness of the harms of smoking and misunderstanding around nicotine. There is a need to improve knowledge of the dangers of smoking among the disadvantaged segments of the population.