Stressor controllability, anxiety, and serotonin
Stressor controllability, anxiety, and serotonin
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1018794104325
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发表时间：
1998-12-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Watkins, LR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Maier, SF;Watkins, LR
有人认为，接触压力源可以在一段时间内使调节恐惧的神经机器变得敏感，在这段时间内，恐惧条件作用会增强，对模糊或轻度恐惧刺激的反应会被夸大。应激源的可控性是应激源的一个关键特征，决定了这种敏化是否发生。也就是说，暴露于无法控制但并非可控的压力源后会出现过敏。有人认为，这种介导恐惧的神经结构的敏化可能与焦虑的含义相似，并且大脑血清素系统是这种敏化过程的关键组成部分。讨论了这种观点对各种现象的影响，包括习得性无助和对滥用药物的反应。
it is argued that exposure to stressors can sensitize the neural machiner that mediates fear for a period of time, and that during this time period fear conditioning is potentiated and responses to ambiguous or mildly fearful stimuli are exaggerated. The controllability of the stressor is a key characteristic of the stressor which determines whether this sensitization occurs. That is, sensitization follows exposure to uncontrollable, but not to controllable, stressors. It is argued that this sensitization of the neural structures that mediate fear may be similar to what is meant by anxiety, and that brain serotonin systems are a key component of this sensitization process. The implications of this point of view for a variety of phenomena including learned helplessness and reactivity to drugs of abuse are discussed.