Special collection: Pesticide Exposure in Non-Honey Bees Pesticide Exposure Assessment Paradigm for Stingless Bees
Special collection: Pesticide Exposure in Non-Honey Bees Pesticide Exposure Assessment Paradigm for Stingless Bees
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特别收藏：非蜜蜂中的农药暴露 无刺蜂农药暴露评估范例
DOI：
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Rocha
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cham;Nocelli;Borges;F. E. C. Viana;C. A. Tonelli;Malaspina;Menezes;Rosa;Blochtein;Freitas;Pires;Oliveira;F. Contrera;Torezani;Ribeiro;Siqueira;Rocha
虽然蜜蜂作为传粉者的重要性已被公认，但它们的生物多样性和行为仍有待发现。无刺蜂被认为是热带和亚热带生态系统中几种植物的主要授粉者，它们还为经济上重要的农作物提供授粉服务。许多国家正在使用蜜蜂（Apis mellifera Linnaeus，1758，Hytera：Apidae）作为替代品来评估农药对所有蜜蜂物种的风险。然而，在农药风险评估中，蜜蜂在多大程度上可以作为非蜜蜂物种的替代品，这一点还不确定。本文简要介绍了无刺蜂的生活史特征及其在风险评估中的应用。它总结了什么是已知的无刺蜂暴露于农药相比，蜜蜂，并提出了标准的潜在候选物种从巴西用于在热带环境中的农药风险评估。本文还确定了目前蜜蜂暴露评估范式未涵盖的蜜蜂生物学和农药暴露途径方面的知识差距。基于这些差距，需要研究生活史特征，估计花蜜和花粉消费，泥，树脂和水的收集和可用的协议，以充分评估农药对无刺蜂的毒性影响。这篇综述是关于非蜜蜂暴露于农药风险的系列论文的一部分。
Although the importance of bees as the pollinators responsible for maintaining gene flow for many native and cultivated plants in ecosystems around the world is recognized, much of their biodiversity and behavior remains to be discovered. Stingless bees are considered key pollinators for several plant species in tropical and subtropical ecosystems and they also provide pollination services for economically important agricultural crops. Many countries are using the honey bee (Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758, Hymenoptera: Apidae) as a surrogate to evaluate the risk of pesticides to all species of bees. However, there is uncertainty regarding the extent to which honey bees can serve as surrogates for non-Apis bee species in the risk assessment for pesticides. This paper provides a short overview of the life history traits relevant in risk assessment of stingless bees. It summarizes what is known about stingless bee exposure to pesticides compared to that of honey bees and presents criteria for potential candidate species from Brazil for use in pesticide risk assessment in tropical environments. This paper also identifies gaps in knowledge of bee biology and pesticide exposure routes not covered by the current honey bee exposure assessment paradigm. Based on these gaps, research is needed on life history traits, estimates of nectar and pollen consumption, mud, resin, and water collection and available protocols to adequately assess toxic effects of pesticides to stingless bees. This review is part of a series of papers on the risk of exposure of non-Apis bees to pesticides.