Widespread dynamic DNA methylation in response to biotic stress
Widespread dynamic DNA methylation in response to biotic stress
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1209329109
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发表时间：
2012-08-07
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Ecker, Joseph R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dowen, Robert H.;Pelizzola, Mattia;Ecker, Joseph R.
通过DNA甲基化调控基因表达对于确定细胞特性和协调许多生物体的整个生物体发育计划至关重要。在植物中，DNA甲基化对环境条件的响应是调节基因表达网络的一种潜在的强大机制；然而，动态DNA甲基化的例子在很大程度上仅限于基因印迹。在这里，我们报告了一个意想不到的作用，DNA甲基化在调节拟南芥免疫系统。对暴露于细菌病原体、无毒细菌或水杨酸(SA)激素的植物的DNA甲基组进行分析，发现了许多胁迫诱导的差异甲基化区域，其中许多区域与差异表达基因密切相关。在对SA的反应中，转座子相关的差异甲基化区域伴随着21-NT siRNAs的上调，通常与转座子和/或近端基因的转录变化相耦合。因此，重复序列或转座子中DNA甲基化的动态变化可以调节邻近基因对SA胁迫的响应。
Regulation of gene expression by DNA methylation is crucial for defining cellular identities and coordinating organism-wide developmental programs in many organisms. In plants, modulation of DNA methylation in response to environmental conditions represents a potentially robust mechanism to regulate gene expression networks; however, examples of dynamic DNA methylation are largely limited to gene imprinting. Here we report an unexpected role for DNA methylation in regulation of the Arabidopsis thaliana immune system. Profiling the DNA methylomes of plants exposed to bacterial pathogen, avirulent bacteria, or salicylic acid (SA) hormone revealed numerous stress-induced differentially methylated regions, many of which were intimately associated with differentially expressed genes. In response to SA, transposon-associated differentially methylated regions, which were accompanied by up-regulation of 21-nt siRNAs, were often coupled to transcriptional changes of the transposon and/or the proximal gene. Thus, dynamic DNA methylation changes within repetitive sequences or transposons can regulate neighboring genes in response to SA stress.