Nested or Networked? Future Directions for Ecological Systems Theory
Nested or Networked? Future Directions for Ecological Systems Theory
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DOI：
10.1111/sode.12018
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发表时间：
2013-11-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Neal, Zachary P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Neal, Jennifer Watling;Neal, Zachary P.
布朗芬布伦纳的生态系统理论（EST）是在生态环境下研究个体的最广泛采用的理论框架之一。在传统的表述中，不同层次的生态系统被看作是相互嵌套的。在本文中，我们使用Simmel的相交社交圈的概念和Bronfenbrenner早期关于社会网络的著作来发展另一种网络模型，该模型将生态系统视为结构的重叠安排，每个结构通过其参与者的直接或间接的社会互动直接或间接地与其他结构联系在一起。我们重新定义了ESTmicro， meso, exo， macro和基于时间的社会互动模式所讨论的每个系统，然后说明了如何将这种替代模型应用于发育中的儿童的经典背景。最后，我们讨论了如何将EST的网络模型应用于概念框架的未来方向，认为这种方法为发展研究人员提供了一种更精确和灵活的方式来思考生态背景。我们还提供了一些初步的建议，将网络化的EST模型从理论转移到方法。
Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory (EST) is among the most widely adopted theoretical frameworks for studying individuals in ecological contexts. In its traditional formulation, different levels of ecological systems are viewed as nested within one another. In this article, we use Simmel's notion of intersecting social circles and Bronfenbrenner's earlier writing on social networks to develop an alternative networked' model that instead views ecological systems as an overlapping arrangement of structures, each directly or indirectly connected to the others by the direct and indirect social interactions of their participants. We redefine each of the systems discussed by ESTmicro, meso, exo, macro, and chronobased on patterns of social interaction, and then illustrate how this alternative model might be applied in the classic context of the developing child. We conclude by discussing future directions for how the networked model of EST can be applied as a conceptual framework, arguing that this approach offers developmental researchers with a more precise and flexible way to think about ecological contexts. We also offer some initial suggestions for moving a networked EST model from theory to method.