Genetic population structure and dispersal patterns in Formica ants : a review
Genetic population structure and dispersal patterns in Formica ants : a review
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福米卡蚁的遗传种群结构和扩散模式：综述
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发表时间：
2005
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通讯作者：
P. Pamilo
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作者：
L. Sundström;P. Seppä;P. Pamilo
在相当短的进化时间尺度内，人类对北方森林的影响是广泛的。北方森林的特征物种，如Formica蚂蚁，可能面临遗传多样性丧失，近亲繁殖增加，以及由于生境丧失和破碎化而减少的现存生境碎片之间的基因流动。在这里，我们审查旧世界的北方物种的遗传数据，属蚁。在蚁群中，蚁群可以有一个或多个蚁后（分别为单雌和一夫多妻制），这种特征通常被认为与扩散倾向有关，例如单雌物种分散良好，而多雌物种分散不太好。我们对现有数据的分析揭示了三个重要方面的社会和传播生物学的蚁。首先，传统的单雌和多雌物种的划分过于简单，我们提出了一个基于种群的划分为高度多雌，弱或中度多雌，单雌种群。第二，确实有一个协会之间的群体亲属结构和扩散的预测方向，即限制在polygyne物种的扩散。然而，这只适用于群体间的分化，而不是群体内的遗传粘度。当检查种群内的遗传粘性时，大多数物种仍然显示出F I S和相关性之间的负相关关系，这表明低相关性（许多蜂王）也与局部扩散的减少有关。只有一个种（F. exsecta）呈显著正相关。最后，我们预测，性别偏见的传播可能是一个共同的特点，在福米卡物种，虽然需要更多的物种的数据来证实这一点。
Human impact on boreal forests has been extensive during a fairly short evolutionary time scale. Character species of boreal forests, such as Formica ants, may face loss of genetic diversity, increasing inbreeding, and decreasing gene flow among extant habitat fragments owing to habitat loss and fragmentation. Here we review the genetic data on old-world boreal species of the genus Formica. In Formica ants colonies can have one or several queens (mono- and polygyny respectively) and this trait is often assumed to be linked with dispersal propensity, such that monogyne species disperse well and polygyne species disperse less well. Our analysis of the available data reveals three important aspects of the social and dispersal biology of Formica. First, the traditional division in mono- and polygyne species is too simple and we propose a population-based division into highly polygyne, weakly or moderately polygyne, and monogyne populations. Second, there is indeed an association between colony kin structure and dispersal in the predicted direction, i.e. restricted dispersal in polygyne species. However, this only holds for between-population differentiation, not within population genetic viscosity. When genetic viscosity within populations was examined most species nevertheless showed a negative relationship between F I S and relatedness, indicating that low relatedness (many queens) is associated with reduced dispersal also locally. Only one species (F. exsecta) showed a significant positive relationship. Finally, we predict that sex-biased dispersal may be a common trait in Formica species, although data on more species are needed to confirm this.